Unit 3 - Organisms exchange substances with their environment
Summary
Summary The heart and blood a level notes
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Course
Unit 3 - Organisms exchange substances with their environment
Institution
AQA
These notes helped me get into medical school, I completed my a levels at Guildford high school which consistently ranks among the top schools in the UK and is known for their academic rigour. I made these notes as a summary of the power points that we were taught off of.
Unit 3 - Organisms exchange substances with their environment
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The heart- blood Artery Vein
captain
[ Head-neck [
I
lumen
O
G veinscontainvaluestoea
s
Hi
lumens
L
Endothelium >
4
<
Lining
e10
Upper limbs < -
↓ friction
) # (h)
I
Pulmonary
d
artery Pulmonary Elastic layer Elastic in veins there is lower
vein
maintain layer , a
>
Lungs J -
· layed
TransportSystems Vena V
pressure so muscle contraction
Cava in surrounding tissues his
·
transport medium that moves
> R Atrium L Atrium <
&
. .
in bulk in a continuous system -
↓
~
to move the blood
of tubular vessels
.
R Ventricle Aorta
L Ventricle
.
M 2
Veins also have thin walls
M
allowing external
Hepatic
E [
vein
Liver
Hepatic artery
Tough outer muscles to
'squeze' and they are able to distend
I
[
collagen fibres
·
Aorta easily to accomodate changing volumes of blood
O
A
s
j Intestines S
S &
jj
Pulmonary artery
&
Renal vein Renal sallows formation of tissue fluid
artery
&S
- >
Kidneys
pulmonary value Pulmonary vein
IS
↓ E
↓
L
eaveEfyoo
&Na > Lower l i m b s
rightatrin
Left atrium hydrostatic
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hydrostatic
S
·
↑ pressure ↓ pressure
I &
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l
Bicuspid mitral value
Humans have
system where blood
a double circulatory
flows through plasmad
A &
11 CO2
↓d
-proteins
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that remain
Chordae tendinae ultrafiltration
·
A single circulatory ions
h
the heart twice
Rig ht ventricle Left ventricle #
&
.
Urea
glucose
&Y
system has I ventricle and blood is
salts
amino a
I Lymph drainsintobloodaas
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·un Sa
>
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-
Interventricular .
mixed
pericardinium
j&
N
A
septum a
/
W- N Thick because blood L
4
fluid)
mines a
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reda
from Lu goes further
exess
than that from RV
Apex tissue
↓ contains
fatty acids
·
SA node releases an electrical impulse
+ fats S
&
relaxing ↳ sel L
·impulsetraves downatriatheycontract Crelaxingasing relaxing Cardiovascular disease
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