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Atls written exam review with 100% correct and verified answers 2024
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Atls written exam review with 100% correct and verified answers 2024
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ATLS Pretest1. A 22-year-old man is hypotensive and tachycardic after a shotgun wound
to the left shoulder. His blood pressure is initially 80/40 mm Hg. After initial
fluid resuscitation his blood pressure increases to 122/84 mm Hg. His heart
rate is now 100 beats per minute and his respiratory rate is 28 breaths per
minute. A tube thoracostomy is performed for decreased left chest breath
sounds with the return of a small amount of blood and no air leak. After chest
tube insertion, the most appropriate next step is:: re-examine the chest
2. A construction worker falls two stories from a building and sustains
bilateral calcaneal fractures. In the emergency department, he is alert, vital
signs are normal, and he is complaining of severe pain in both heels and his
lower back. Lower extremity pulses are strong and there is no other
deformity. The suspected diagnosis is most likely to be confirmed by::
complete spine x-ray series
3. Which of the following is true regarding the initial resuscitation of a
trauma patient?: Evidence of improved perfusion after fluid resuscitation could
include improvement in Glasgow Coma Scale score on reevaluation.
4. In managing a patient with a severe traumatic brain injury, the most
important initial step is to:: secure the airway
5. A previously healthy, 70-kg (154-pound) man suffers an estimated acute
blood loss of 2 liters. Which one of the following statements applies to this
patient?: An ABG would demonstrate a base deficit between -6 and -10 mEq/L.
6. The physiological hypervolemia of pregnancy has clinical significance in
the management of the severely injured, gravid woman by:: increasing the
volume of blood loss to produce maternal hypotension
7. The best assessment of fluid resuscitation of the adult burn patient is::
urinary output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr
8. The diagnosis of shock must include:: evidence of inadequate organ
perfusion 9. A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his
parents several minutes after he fell through a window. He is bleeding
profusely from a 6-cm wound of his medial right thigh. Immediate
management of the wound should consist of:: direct pressure on the wound
10. For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury, profound hypocarbia
should be avoided to prevent:: cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished
perfusion
11. After being involved in a motor vehicle crash, a 25-year-old man is
brought to a hospital that has surgery capabilities available.. Computed
tomography of the chest and abdomen shows an aortic injury and splenic
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, ATLS Pretest
laceration with free abdominal fluid. His blood pressure falls to 70 mm Hg
after CT. The next step is:: perform an exploratory laparotomy
12. Which one of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma in
the pregnant patient is TRUE?: Leakage of amniotic fluid is an indication for
hospital admission.
13. The first maneuver to improve oxygenation after chest injury is::
administer supplemental oxygen
14. A 25-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicular crash, is admitted to the
emergency department. His pupils react sluggishly and his eyes open to
pressure. He does not follow commands, but he does moan periodically. His
right arm is deformed and does not respond to pressure; however, his left
hand reaches purposefully toward the stimulus. Both legs are stiffly
extended.
His GCS score is:: 9
15. A 20-year-old woman who is at 32 weeks gestation, is stabbed in the
upper right chest. In the emergency department, her blood pressure is 80/60
mm Hg. She is gasping for breath, extremely anxious, and yelling for help.
Breath sounds are diminished in the right chest. The most appropriate first
step is to:: perform needle or finger decompression of the right chest
16. Which one of the following findings in an adult is most likely to require
immediate management during the primary survey?: respiratory rate of 40
breaths per minute
17. The most important, immediate step in the management of an open
pneumothorax is:: placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound
18. The following are contraindications for tetanus toxoid administration::
history of neurological reaction or severe hypersensitivity to the product
19. A 56-year-old man is thrown violently against the steering wheel of his
truck during a motor vehicle crash. On arrival in the emergency department
he is diaphoretic and complaining of chest pain. His blood pressure is 60/40
mm Hg and his respiratory rate is 40 breaths per minute. Which of the
following best differentiates cardiac tamponade from tension pneumothorax
as the cause of his hypotension?: breath sounds
20. Bronchial intubation of the right or left mainstem bronchus can easily
occur during infant endotracheal intubation because:: The trachea is relatively
short.
21. A 23-year-old man sustains 4 stab wounds to the upper right chest during
an altercation and is brought by ambulance to a hospital that has full surgical
capabilities. His wounds are all above the nipple. He is endotracheally
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