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OHST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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OHST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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OHST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSPublic Law 91-596 - Answers -The Occupational Safety and Health Act. The General
Duty Clause is a part of Public Law 91-596 that say's "Each employer shall furnish to
each of his employees employment and a place of employment which is free from
recognized hazards that are causing or likely to cause death or serious physical harm to
his employees"
Public Law 91-173 - Answers -On December 30th, 1969 the Federal Coal Mine Health
and Safety Act was passed. Later on November 9, 1977 it became the Federal Mine
Safety and Health Act (MSHA)
Public Law 91-577 - Answers -Federal Metal and non-metallic Mine Safety Act
29 CFR 1910.95 - Answers -Occupational Noise Standard
Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) - Answers -The IDLH level represents
the maximum concentration from which a person could escape within 30 minutes
without experiencing an escape-impairing symptom or any irreversible adverse health
effects. IDLH values are commonly used in determining respiratory protection
requirements
Lethal Dose, 50% Kill (LD50) - Answers -The LD50 is the amount of a material that,
when administered to laboratory animals, kills half of them.
Lethal Concentration, 50% Kill (LC50) - Answers -The LC50 is the concentration of a
material that kills 50% of laboratory animals.
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) - Answers -The airborne exposure level under which most
people can work day after day without adverse health effect
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs), - Answers -The use of TLDs has increased due
to the availability and low cost. Solid state materials with impurities added exhibit high
energy levels in orbital electrons when exposed to incident radiation. This allows the
material to be heated and a measurement made of light photons released. The
advantages of TLD over film badges include: 1.) available in many forms and shapes or
may be impregnated in other materials, ex. Teflon 2.) TLDs can detect both beta and
gamma as well as slow neutrons. 3.) TLDs have an extended "Shelf Life" 4.)
Kiloroentgen measurements are possible. Alpha detection is not possible with TLDs.
TLDS are used for non-ionizing radiation.
Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCBs) - Answers -PCBs are found in certain electrical
devices such as transformers, capacitors, fluorescent light ballast, etc, as well as in heat
transfer enclosures and investment casting waxes in foundries. In 1978, the EPA under
TSCA banned the use of PCBs in light ballasts, transformers and capacitors however, it
is still possible to find equipment containing PCBs.
, Bench Grinder Spacing - Answers -Because many bench grinder wheels have broken
when work has become jammed between the work rest and the wheel, the tool rest
should be adjusted to within 1/8 inch of the wheel. The work rest should be adjusted
within ¼ inch.
Mesothelioma - Answers -Mesothelioma affects the mesothelial tissue used by the body
for linings or sacs. These linings/sacs are found in the body's pulmonary and abdominal
cavities. Persons known to develop these types of cancers include insulation workers
who inhale gross amounts of asbestos, especially chrysotile.
Gas Tungsten Arc-Welding - Answers -GTAW is a process that joins metals by heating
them with an arc between a tungsten elctode and the work, shielding is obtained from a
gas mixture. The process is often called TIG welding.
Anthracosis - Answers -Anthracosis is a disease of the lungs caused by prolonged
inhalation of dust that contain particles of carbon and coal.
Dilution Ventilation - Answers -Dilution ventilation is the perferred solution whne
relatively non-toxic emissions are produced, when the source is mainly gases or vapors
(not primarily heavy particulates) and when employees do not work in the immediate
vicinity or direct path of the emission source.
Local Exhaust Ventilation - Answers -When toxic, heavy, direct path, time inconsistent,
or large sources of emissions are encountered the solution is point source removal
through local exhaust ventilation.
Ames Test - Answers -The Ames Test is a very popular quick screening test in use
today. The ames test or Ames assay is named after its chief developer, Dr. Bruce
Ames, a biochemist at UCLA. The test uses various strains of salmonella bacteria to
screen suspect chemicals. The test does not measure carcinogenicity directly. It does
however measure mutagenicity of a chemical. It is a widely accepted fact that almost all
know mutagens are eventually found to be carcinogens.
Cadmium Oxide Fume Exposure - Answers -Cadmium oxide fumes can be prodcued
during some silver soldering and metal coating processes. High acute cadmium fume
exposure causes pnemonitis (inflammation of the lung), pulmonary edema (fluid in the
lung), dyspnea (difficulty breathing), coughing, tight chest, headache, chills, muscle
aches, mausea, vomiting, diarrhea and can be fatal.
Zinc Fume Exposure - Answers -Zince fume exposure are an acute irritant to the skin
and can cause metal fume fever
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