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HTL ASCP Exam- Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Staining Questions and Answers 100% Solved 2024/2025
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HTL ASCP Exam- Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Staining Questions and Answers 100% Solved 2024/2025
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HTL ASCP Exam- Nuclear andCytoplasmic Staining
Heterochromatin - ANSCondensed regions of chromosomes that can be seen in light
microscopes because of basophilic nuclear material, ie lymphocytes.
Euchromatin - ANSGenetically active DNA that is not seen with hematoxylin staining, ie
neuronal nuclei.
Nuclear stain - ANSThis type of stain uses positive (cationic, basic) dyes to attach to the
negatively-charged DNA/RNA.
Aluminium, iron, chromium - ANS3 example of the metallic ions involved in the hematein
metal-mordant staining technique.
Amphoteric - ANSTerminal amino group and terminal carboxyl group on the other end of the
protein chains making their charge pH-dependent; this is called?
IEP - Isoelectric point of pH 6 - ANSFor proteins, this point is when the negative and positive
charges are equal and there is no migration of proteins to the cathode (-) or anode (+).
Below pH 6 - ANSThis pH makes cytoplasmic proteins develop a positive charge and attracted
to anionic dyes such as eosin.
Mordants - ANSMetals or other substances that act as a link between dye and tissue.
Differentiation in regressive staining techniques. - ANSWeak acid solution dip, excess mordant
solutions, oxidizer solutions are used for this reason.
Oxidation - ANSSodium iodate, mercuric chloride and potassium permanganate are used to
achieve this process also called ripening of hematoxylin.
Non-oxidizing mordants - ANSAmmonium or potassium aluminum sulfate, phosphotungstic acid
and phosphomolybdic acid are used to achieve the stability of the "lake".
Acid or Aluminum - ANSExcess of these substances can create more selective nuclear staining.
Harris Hematoxylin - ANSRegressive and progressive nuclear stain. Hematoxylin, ethyl alcohol,
mercuric chloride (oxidizer), ammonium aluminum sulfate (mordant), DI water.
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