BBH 432 Exam 3 Growth Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BBH 432
Institution
BBH 432
Metabolic Imprinting Process : A. Reduced caloric intake by mother results in reduced metabolic rate and increased storage of nutrients by fetus B. Results in increased risk of Metabolic Syndrome as an adult
Metabolic Imprinting Evidence : A. Dutch Hunger Winter children 1. First trimester fetus :...
BBH 432 Exam 3 Growth Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Metabolic Imprinting ✅Process : A. Reduced caloric intake by mother results in
reduced metabolic rate and increased storage of nutrients by fetus
B. Results in increased risk of Metabolic Syndrome as an adult
Metabolic Imprinting ✅Evidence : A. Dutch Hunger Winter children 1. First trimester
fetus : Increased risk of obesity , heart disease , and elevated plasma cholesterol
2. Second / third trimester fetus : Increased risk of diabetes
Metabolic Imprinting ✅Evidence : A. Dutch Hunger Winter children Low - birth weight
children
1 . 8X more likely to exhibit symptoms of pre diabetes
2 . 18X greater risk of Metabolic Syndrome
3. 50 % higher rate of death from heart disease
Fetal Origins of Adult Disease ( FOAD ) ✅Relationship between fetal nutritional events
and lifelong risks of metabolic and cardiovascular disease
Prenatal Stress and Glucocorticoids ✅1. Prenatally stressed rats exhibit elevated
glucocorticoid levels throughout life
Elevated basal levels
Elevated stress - response levels Increased recovery time
Prenatal Stress and Glucocorticoids ✅1. Prenatally stressed rats exhibit elevated
glucocorticoid levels throughout life
Injection of female rats and primates with glucocorticoids results in elevated
glucocorticoid levels in offspring
Low birth - weight babies have higher basal glucocorticoid levels as adults
Consequences of Prenatal Stress ✅1 . Increased risk of Metabolic Syndrome
2 . Reduction of primary sex characteristics
3 . Increased anxiety
4. Decreased development of neural connections and impairment of memory and
learning
Lumey 1992 ) ✅Study of grandchildren from the Dutch Hunger Winter ( DHW )
population Grandchildren from the DHW have lower birth weights than general
population
Transmission Across Generations ✅1. Decreased birth weight in DHW grandchildren
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