BIOL 111 Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life - Test Bank Exam Questions and Answers
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Course
Organic Chemistry
Institution
Organic Chemistry
The element present in all organic molecules is _____.
A) hydrogen
B) oxygen
C) carbon
D) nitrogen - Answer-C) carbon
The complexity and variety of organic molecules is due to _____.
A) the chemical versatility of carbon atoms
B) the variety of rare elements in organic molecules
C) the di...
BIOL 111 Chapter 4 Carbon and the
Molecular Diversity of Life - Test Bank
Exam Questions and Answers
The element present in all organic molecules is _____.
A) hydrogen
B) oxygen
C) carbon
D) nitrogen - Answer-C) carbon
The complexity and variety of organic molecules is due to _____.
A) the chemical versatility of carbon atoms
B) the variety of rare elements in organic molecules
C) the diverse bonding patterns of nitrogen
D) their interaction with water - Answer-A) the chemical versatility of carbon atoms
The experimental approach taken in current biological investigations presumes that
_____.
A) simple organic compounds can be synthesized in the laboratory from inorganic
precursors, but complex organic compounds like carbohydrates and proteins can be
synthesized only by living organisms
B) a life force ultimately controls the activities of living organisms and this life force
cannot be studied by physical or chemical methods
C) living organisms are composed of the same elements present in nonliving things,
plus a few special trace elements found only in living organisms or their products
D) living organisms can be understood in terms of the same physical and chemical laws
that can be used to explain all natural phenomena - Answer-D) living organisms can be
understood in terms of the same physical and chemical laws that can be used to explain
all natural phenomena
Differences among organisms are caused by differences in the _____.
A) elemental composition from organism to organism
B) types and relative amounts of organic molecules synthesized by each organism
C) sizes of the organic molecules in each organism
D) types of inorganic compounds present in each organism - Answer-B) types and
relative amounts of organic molecules synthesized by each organism
Stanley Miller's 1953 experiments supported the hypothesis that _____.
A) life on Earth arose from simple inorganic molecules
B) organic molecules can be synthesized abiotically under conditions that may have
existed on early Earth
C) life on Earth arose from simple organic molecules, with energy from lightning and
volcanoes
, D) the conditions on early Earth were conducive to the origin of life - Answer-B) organic
molecules can be synthesized abiotically under conditions that may have existed on
early Earth
When Stanley Miller applied heat and electrical sparks to a mixture of simple inorganic
compounds such as methane, hydrogen gas, ammonia, and water vapor, what
compounds were produced?
A) only simple organic compounds such as formaldehyde and cyanide
B) mostly hydrocarbons
C) only simple inorganic compounds
D) simple organic compounds, amino acids, and hydrocarbons - Answer-D) simple
organic compounds, amino acids, and hydrocarbons
Which of the following is true of carbon?
A) It forms only polar molecules.
B) It can form a maximum of three covalent bonds with other elements.
C) It is highly electronegative.
D) It can form both polar and nonpolar bonds. - Answer-D) It can form both polar and
nonpolar bonds.
Why is carbon so important in biology?
A) It is a common element on Earth.
B) It has very little electronegativity, making it a good electron donor.
C) It bonds to only a few other elements.
D) It can form a variety of carbon skeletons and host functional groups. - Answer-D) It
can form a variety of carbon skeletons and host functional groups.
How many electron pairs does carbon share to complete its valence shell?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 8 - Answer-C) 4
A carbon atom is most likely to form what kind of bond(s) with other atoms?
A) ionic
B) hydrogen
C) covalent
D) ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds - Answer-C) covalent
Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?
A) The majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
B) The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
C) They exhibit considerable molecular complexity and diversity.
D) They are less dense than water. - Answer-B) The majority of their bonds are
nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
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