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(Summary) Ch 43 Patho best set: Disorders of the Skeletal System: Trauma, Infections, Neoplasms, and Childhood Disorders. $12.99
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(Summary) Ch 43 Patho best set: Disorders of the Skeletal System: Trauma, Infections, Neoplasms, and Childhood Disorders.
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(Summary) Ch 43 Patho best set: Disorders of the Skeletal System: Trauma, Infections, Neoplasms, and Childhood Disorders.

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  • August 26, 2024
  • 32
  • 2024/2025
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(Summary) Ch 43 Patho best set:
Disorders of the Skeletal System:
Trauma, Infections, Neoplasms, and
Childhood Disorders.
Injury and Trauma of Musculoskeletal Structures
Sports-Related Injuries
Soft Tissue Injuries
Joint (Musculotendinous) Injuries
Strains and Sprains
Dislocations
Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Injuries
Knee Injuries
Hip Injuries
Fractures
Classification Manifestations Diagnosis and Treatment
Bone Healing
Complications of Fractures and Other Injuries
Bone Infections and Osteonecrosis Infections—Osteomyelitis
Pyogenic Osteomyelitis
Tuberculosis Osteomyelitis Osteonecrosis
Neoplasms
Benign Bone Tumors
Malignant Bone Tumors
Osteosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma

Ewing Sarcoma
Metastatic Bone Disease
Skeletal Disorders in Children
Variations of Normal Growth and Development
Angular and Torsional Deformities
Genu Varum and Genu Valgum Congenital Disorders
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Developmenta l Dysplasia of the Hip
Congenital Clubfoot
Juvenile Osteochondroses
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Scoliosis

,Types of Scoliosis
Manifestations Diagnosis and Treatment

Contusion

an injury or bruise from direct trauma and is usually caused by striking a body part against a hard object.

Skin overlying the injury remains intact while the injured tissue undergoes a rupture of blood vessels and
damage to muscle cells--swelling and inflammation

Ecchymosis due to local hemorrhage: Black and Blue--Brown--Yellow as reabsorbed

Bruise
Ruptured blood vessels
Direct trauma

Hematoma

Large area of local hemorrhage--pain on movement as blood accumulates and exerts pressure on nerve
endings

Takes longer to heal than a contusion

Pooled blood presses on nerve endings
Large area of local hemorrhage

hematoma vs contusion

A contusion is a bruise...whereas a hematoma is a localized collection of blood usually clotted in an organ
space or tissue

hematoma is a larger blood vessel
hematoma develops quicker

The pain and swelling of a hematoma take longer to subside than those accompanying a contusion.

Treatment of Contusion and Hematoma

RICE:

Rest
ICE (apply cold for the first 24 hrs to reduce the bleeding into the area)
Compression
Elevation

sprain vs strain

Sprain: overstretching/damaging ligaments
STrain: T for TENDON, overstretching/damaging tendon.

,Strains

involve muscles, or more precisely the muscle- tendon unit. A stretching or partial tear in a muscle or a
muscle-tendon unit while actively contracting

S&S: pain, stiffness, swelling, and local tenderness
Pain is increased with stretching of the muscle group.

Common sites: low back, cervical spine, elbow, shoulder.

Sprain

involve the supporting ligaments of a joint. A partial or complete Tear to supporting ligaments or capsule
surrounding the joint that is more painful on abnormal or excessive movement.

Cause: usually due due to abnormal or excessive movement of a joint.

S&S: PAIN, rapid swelling, discoloration, and limitation of function

Common site's: ankle (lateral ankle when the foot is turned inward under a person, forcing the ankle into
inversion beyond its structural limits); knee (the collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament) and
elbow (the ulnar side).

pain and swelling subsides slower than strain

Healing time variable: 2-8 weeks

MRI: to evaluate soft tissue injury

Injured joint ligaments or capsule




TREATMENT FOR STRAINS AND SPRAINS

RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)

, For a muscle strain, the affected joint is immobilized until the pain and swelling have subsided. In a
sprain, the affected joint is immobilized for several weeks. Immobilization may be followed by graded
active exercises.

ankle sprain

Can be either an inversion or eversion injury.

A stretch or tear in one of the ligaments surrounding the ankle causing pain and swelling




location of Most ankle sprains

in the lateral ankle when the foot is turned inward under a person, forcing the ankle into inversion
beyond its structural limits.




Inversion

Turning the sole of the foot inward




eversion of foot

turning the sole of the foot outward




Ankle Inversion/Eversion

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