FINAL EXAM - Philosophy of the Human Person PHL 113
Jeremiah
Practice questions for this set
Terms in this set (308)
Narrow Human Nature composition--what we're made of
Broad Human Nature worldview--where humans fit in reality
we are essentially one kind of thing at our core; different kinds of creatures have unique
Essentialism
features and capacities which distinguish them from all other creatures (Aristotle)
different kinds of creatures do not have unique features and capacities which
Anti-Essentialism distinguish them from all other creatures; we're not qualitatively different, just
quantitatively in degree
FINAL EXAM - Philosophy of the Human Person PHL 113
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the material is all there is; evolutionary accidents separate us; correlates with a rise in
Naturalism
anti-essentialism
Descriptive describes the way things are right now--doesn't make a moral statement, just observing
describes the way things ought to/should be--uses moral language; identifies things
Normative
that contribute to the flourishing/good of a creature
metaphysic
philosophical anthropology
Four Elements of a Worldview
diagnosis
prescription
Metaphysic theory of what's ultimately/most real, e.g., God, material, spiritual, etc.
Philosophical Anthropology theory of what a human is
Diagnosis theory about the problem with human beings, e.g. original sin, society, etc.
Prescription theory about how life should be lived so as to fix the problem in diagnosis
aka the natural philosophers (500s BC)--sought rational, philosophic, scientific
Pre-Socratics explanations for the world and what it's made of; they threatened the entire worldview
and the social, political, and religious orders (ie the sun is a hot rock - Anaxagoras)
Physis nature--the way things are naturally, there in reality (e.g., seasons)
Nomos custom/human invention; the way we've decided to make things (e.g., daylight savings)
[[in APOLOGY]]
1. He's a natural philosopher
Charges Made Against Socrates 2. Twists arguments
3. Corrupts the young
4. Impiety
first argument against Socrates in the Apology; pre-socratics--"studies above and
Natural Philosopher
below." a threat to their culture
second argument against Socrates in the Apology; sophist--makes the worse argument
Twists Arguments the stronger and the better; takes money from young men and taught them verbal judo,
not caring about the truth, for personal gain
third argument against Socrates in the Apology; taught them to ask questions to their
Corrupts the Young
elders--upset people
fourth argument against Socrates in the Apology;
Impiety accused of not belieing in the gods of the city--Greek society was a theocracy and thus
impiety was a threat to political order; this is what Anaxagoras was executed for
Politicians
People Socrates Questions Poets
Artisans
Politicians can't defend their views of morality and justice
Poets they don't have any wisdom themselves; just divine inspiration
unexpectedly dangerous; they have actual, practical knowledge, but they don't realize
Artisans/Craftsmen
how unwise they are
true wisdom is "I do not think I know what I do not know." The same as Socratic
Ignorance: you're aware of your own limitations--know thyself. To increase knowledge
Socratic Wisdom
is to increase self-knowledge, for ignorance of your ignorance prevents you from
learning. defn. consists in self-knowledge; knowing how little you know
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