Astronomy 121: Exam 131 Final Questions Correctly Answered |2024
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Course
Astronomy 121
Institution
Astronomy 121
A feature of the Jovian planets is that _________. - ️️They are composed primarily of hydrogen
Analemma - ️️The figure-8 path traced by the Sun over the course of a year when viewed at the same place and the same time each day. Represents discrepancies between apparent and mean solar time....
Astronomy 121: Exam 131 Final
Questions Correctly Answered |2024
A feature of the Jovian planets is that _________. - ✔ ✔ They are composed primarily of hydrogen
Analemma - ✔ ✔ The figure-8 path traced by the Sun over the course of a year when viewed at the
same place and the same time each day. Represents discrepancies between apparent and mean solar
time.
Annual Trigonometric Parallax - ✔ ✔
Annular Eclipse - ✔ ✔ Solar eclipse during which the Moon is directly in front of the Sun but its
angular size is not large enough to fully block the Sun
Are Venus and Earth essentially twin planets in their general properties? - ✔ ✔ Yes
Aristarchus - ✔ ✔ First one to come up with heliocentric model.
Aristotle - ✔ ✔ Believed in a geocentric universe, thought planets and stars were perfect spheres but
the earth was not.
At what part of its orbit is the solar day the longest? - ✔ ✔ During the winter solstice
At what phases of the Moon are Solar and Lunar eclipses expected to occur? - ✔ ✔ During the new
moon phase and full moon phase.
At what time will the full moon rise/set? - ✔ ✔ Rise: 6 p.m. Set: 6 a.m.
Autumnal Equinox - ✔ ✔ The moment when the Northern Hemisphere first starts to be tipped away
from the sun
Celestial Equator - ✔ ✔ The extension of Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere
Celestial Sphere - ✔ ✔ The imaginary sphere on which objects in the sky appear to reside when
observed from earth.
Characteristics of the motions of the planets - ✔ ✔ move west to east, move through zodiac
constellations, rise in the east and set in the west, at times they perform loops on the sky
Copernicus' Theory of Retrograde Motion - ✔ ✔ Created model centered on the Sun, with only the
Moon orbiting the Earth. The explanation is the fact that the planets further from the sun are moving
more slowly in their orbits than those closer to the sun.
, Describe diurnal circles for an observer at the North and south Pole. - ✔ ✔ The diurnal circles are
parallel to the horizon and are circumpolar.
Describe the diurnal circles for an observer at the Equator. - ✔ ✔ Roughly perpendicular to the
horizon.
Diurnal Circles - ✔ ✔ Apparent circles of stars due to the earths rotation
Dwarf Planets - ✔ ✔ Too small to qualify as official planets but large enough to be round in shape
(icy objects that orbit the sun)
Dynamic Regularities of Planetary Motions - ✔ ✔ All planetary orbits are roughly in the same plane,
roughly circular, and in the same sense.
Eccentricity - ✔ ✔ A measure of how much an ellipse deviates from a perfect circle.
Eclipse Seasons - ✔ ✔ Periods during which lunar and solar eclipses can occur because the Moon's
orbit is aligned with the Earth and the Sun.
Ecliptic - ✔ ✔ The sun's apparent annual path
Ecliptic Plane - ✔ ✔ The plane of Earth's orbit around the sun.
Ellipse - ✔ ✔ A type of oval that happens to be the shape of bound orbits.
Equinoxes - ✔ ✔ The time at which the sun crosses the celestial equator, when day and night are of
equal length.
Eratosthenes - ✔ ✔ Made the first accurate estimate of Earth's circumference
Frost Line (aka snow line) - ✔ ✔ The boundary in the solar nebula beyond which ices could
condense; only metals and rocks could condense within the frost line.
Geocentric Model (Ptolemy) - ✔ ✔ Wheels turning on wheels with the Earth sitting inside of the
smallest wheel.
Heliocentric Model (Copernicus) - ✔ ✔ Universe is spherical, all orbital motions are circular, sun-
centered. The stars are far away as opposed to earth being stationary.
Horizon - ✔ ✔ The boundary between the Earth and sky.
How are ellipses and circles related? - ✔ ✔ The eccentricity of an orbit tells us how close an orbit is
to a circular path (eccentricity of a circle is 0)
How are the Greeks objections to the Heliocentric model currently overcome? - ✔ ✔ Kepler's laws +
Tycho's data provided strong evidence for the Heliocentric model
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