Exam (elaborations)
CHEM 219 Organic Chemistry Module 5 Exam 2024 with complete solution
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CHEM 219 Organic Chemistry Module 5 Exam 2024 with complete solution
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Portage hOrganic hChem hModuleh5
Name hthis
2-methyl-2-butene
- hydroxyl h(OH) hgroup his hpronated hby hthe hsolvent
- a hwater hmolecule h(from hthe hsolvent?) hremoves ha
h²-hydrogen.
- As hthe h²-hydrogen his hremoved hthe hbond hH-C
hbond his hbroken hand hthen hthere his ha hC=C hbond
hformed hbetween hthe h²-carbon hand hthe Steps hof ha hdehydration hreaction hfor ha hprimary
±c-arbon. halcohol
- At hthe hsame htime. hthe hdouble hbond hkicks hoff
hthe hH2O hmolecule hfrom hthe h±c-arbon
- The hnet hresult his hthat hH hand hOH hare hremoved
h(eliminated) hfrom hthe horiginal halcohol hsubstrate.
- products: han halkene hand hH3O+
This hoccurs hwhen ha h²-hydrogen hcan hbe hremoved When hcan ha hsingle halcohol hsubstrate hproduce
hmore hthan hone halkene hproduct?
hfrom hdifferent hcarbons hto hcreate hthe hC=C hin
hdifferent hplaces hon hthe hparent hchain. The hproduction hof hthe hmore hhighly hsubstituted
halkene has hthe hmajor hproduct
Zaitsev's
True hor hFalse: hAlcohols hcan hbe hconverted hto
halkyl hhalides.
hRule
True hor hFalse: hAlcohols hreact hwith hmost hhydrogen
hTrue hhalides h(HCl, hHBr, hHI) hto hproduce hthe
hcorresponding halkyl hchloride, hbromide, hor hiodide,
hrespectively.
True
a hsubstitution hreaction, hreplacing hthe hhydroxyl
What htype hof hreaction his hit hwhen halcohols hare
hgroup hwith ha hhalo- hgen.
hconverted hto halkyl hhalides?
1. The hacid hprotonates hthe hhydroxyl hgroup hof hthe
halcohol hto hmake hit ha hgood hleaving hgroup.
The huse hof hhydrogen hhalides hpromotes hthe
2. the hhalide hions hare hgood hnucleophiles hbut hsubstitution hin htwo hways. hWhat hare hthey?
hweak hbases, hso hsubstitution his hpromoted hover
helimination.
True hor hFalse: hThe horder hof hreactivity hof halcohols
False, hthey hare hthe hsame hwith hhydrogen hhalides his hdifferent hthan hin
hdehydration.
a hphosphorus htrihalide hreagent h(PX3, hX h= hCl hor
hBr). An halternate hmethod hfor hconverting hprimary hand
hsecondary halco- hhols hto halkyl hchlorides hand
**Notes: hThis hreaction his hparticularly hefficient has hbromides hemploys hwhat?
hone hmolecule hof hPX3 hcan hconvert hthree hmolecules
hof halcohol hto hthe hcorresponding halkyl hhalide.
In hdehydration hcases hwhere hmore hthan hone
halkene hproduct his hpossible, hthe hmajor hproduct
his halways
the halkene hwhose hC=C hhas hmore halkyl
hgroups hattached.
the hmore hstable hthe primary hand hsecondary
halkene.
1 h/
,Portage hOrganic hChem hModule
h5
hgroups) hattached hto hthe hC=C,
The hgreater hthe A hreaction hof halcohols hwith hSOCl2 his hvery
hsubstitution h(the hefficient hfor
hnumber hof halkyl h alcohols.
hydrogen hhalide Name hthis
2 h/
,Portage hOrganic hChem hModule
h5
Name hthis
alcohol
Name hthis
alkyl hhalide
Name hthis
water
Name hthis
1-butanol
Name hthis
1-chlorobutane
Name hthis
phosphorus
htrihalide h(X h=
hCl hor hBr)
Name hthis
phosphorus hacid
Name hthis
thionyl hchloride
Name hthis
alkyl hchloride
3 h/
, Portage hOrganic hChem hModule
h5
- Conversion husing hHydrogen hHalides
h(HX) What hare hthe hdifferent hhalides hthat hcan hbe hused
- Conversion husing hPhosphorus hfor hAlcohols h-> hAlkyl hHalides hConversion?
hHalides h(PX3)
- Conversion husing hThionyl hChloride What his hSO2 hcalled?
h(SOCl2) hsulfur hdioxide Primary hand hsecondary halcohols hmay hbe
hconverted hinto hcar- hbonyl-containing h(C=O)
oxidatio hmolecules hby?
h is hrecognized hin horganic hmolecules hby
hincreasing hthe hoxygen hcontent h(the hnumber hof
n hoxygen hatoms) hor hthe hoxygen hcharacter h(more
hbonds hto hoxygen).
hOxidati Primary halcohols hare hinitially hoxidized hto ,
hwhich hcan hthen hbe hoxidized hfurther hto h h
Secondary halcohols hare hoxidized hto .
on
What his hbeing hshown?
aldehydes; hcarboxylic
hacids hketones
oxidation hscheme hfor ha
hprimary halcohol
What his hbeing hshown?
oxidation hscheme hfor ha hsecondary halcohol
Name hthis
aldehyde
Name hthis
carboxylic hacid
Name hthis
ketone
4 h/
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