BCAT EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Deficits in Social Emotional Reciprocity - Answer️️ -Range from
abnormal social approach and failure of normal back and forth
conversations; to reduced sharing of interests, emotions, or affect: to failure
to initiate or respond to social inter...
Deficits in Social Emotional Reciprocity - Answer✔️✔️-Range from
abnormal social approach and failure of normal back and forth
conversations; to reduced sharing of interests, emotions, or affect: to failure
to initiate or respond to social interactions.
Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction -
Answer✔️✔️-Manifested by absent, reduced, or atypical use of eye contact
(relative to cultural norms), gestures, facial expressions, body orientation,
or speech intonation.
Deficits in developing maintaining and understanding relationships -
Answer✔️✔️-Ranging from difficulties adjusting behavior to suit various
social context; to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or in making
friends; to absence of interest in peers
Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects or speech -
Answer✔️✔️-Simple motor stereotypies, lining up toys or flipping objects,
echolalia, idiosyncratic phrases (language with a private meaning; only
makes sense to those familiar with the situation where the phrases came
from)
Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized
patterns of verbal or non-verbal behavior - Answer✔️✔️-Extreme distress at
small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, greeting
rituals, need to take same route or eat same food everyday
Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus -
Answer✔️✔️-Strong attachment to or preoccupation with unusual objects,
excessively circumscribed or perseverative interest
Hyper or Hypo reactivity to sensory input or unusual interests in sensory
aspects of environment - Answer✔️✔️-Apparent indifference to pain/
temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures, excessive
smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movement.
Levels of severity across social communication and restrictive, repetitive
behaviors - Answer✔️✔️-Level 1 Requiring support
Level 2 Requiring substantial support
Level 3 Requiring very substantial support
Postive Reinforcement - Answer✔️✔️-Sally took off her shoe independently
yesterday, her mother clapped her hands and said, "Way to go Sally!" Sally
took her shoes off independently again today. The clapping and "way to
go" were the postive reinforcer.
Negative Reinforcement - Answer✔️✔️-When you start your car, an
annoying noise is sounded. The noise turns off when you put your seatbelt
on. The next time you get in the car you put your seatbelt on before you
start the car, so you do not hear the noise.
Postive Punishment - Answer✔️✔️-Jose hit Lisa because he wanted her to
play with him. The teacher reprimands Jose and told him not to hit her
again. Jose then asked Lisa to play with him the next day.
Research regarding treatment intensity - Answer✔️✔️-Comprehensive
undertaking that involves the child's entire family and a team of
professionals. One-on-one treatment 30-40 hours per week
Early intensive behavioral intervention research - Answer✔️✔️-ABA
(Applied Behavior Analysis) Early intensive intervention helps all ages, but
those who start before age 2 were most likely to make dramatic gains.
Foundational Autism Research - Answer✔️✔️-IAN (Interactive Autism
Network) a project collecting information online from families of children
with autism, ABA which may help build the foundation for later social
skills training
Difference between evidence-based interventions vs. non-evidence based
interventions - Answer✔️✔️--Evidence-based: a body of formal research
indicates the effectiveness of the treatment. (occupational therapy, speech
therapy, ABA, social skills therapy) -Non-evidence based: has not been
proven effective ( Hippo therapy (horse-back riding), GFCF diet (Gluten
free, Casein free)
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