BSC1005 - Chapter 2 Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

BSC1005 - Chapter 2 Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass) Matter - Answer️️ -Anything that takes up space and has mass Element - Answer️️ -A substance that cannot be broken down into another substance by ordinary chemical means. Smallest units that can make up matter. - Only 92 naturally occurring elements Four elements make up about 96% of the body weight of most living organisms - Answer️️ -carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen Atomic structure - Answer️️ -What an Atom looks like Atomic theory - Answer️️ -States that elements consist of atoms Atomic Chemical symbol - Answer️️ -This is the name of the atom or element Subatomic elements: What makes up an atom - Answer️️ -Neutrons—no electrical charge, found in nucleus Protons—positive charge + , found in nucleus Electrons—negative charge - , found outside of nucleus Atomic number - Answer️️ -The number of protons in an atom is the Atomic Number. ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Monday, August 19, 2024 12:35 AM Page 2 of 8 • Because an atom is neutral in charge, the Protons always equal the Electrons. So you can derive the # of electrons from this number as well. Atomic Mass Number - Answer️️ -Equal to sum of protons and neutrons. So P + N = Mass Number Periodic table - Answer️️ -• Elements' chemical and physical characteristics recur in a predictable manner • Atoms are arranged in periods (rows) and groups (columns) Isotopes - Answer️️ -• Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons • Isotopes have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons (different mass numbers) • Unstable and may decay, emitting radiation • Radioactive isotope behavior is essentially the same as a stable isotope of same element The arrangement of electrons - Answer️️ -• Very important! • Electrons are constantly moving. • It is useful to construct models of atoms with energy levels or electron shells to understand how the atom will behave around other atoms • Each shell contains a certain number of electrons. ©SOPHIABENNETT@ Monday, August 19, 2024 12:35 AM Page 3 of 8 • For the atoms we will draw in this class: - 2 electrons fill first shell - 8 electrons fill each additional shell • Chemical properties of atoms are largely determined by the arrangement of their electrons. How to draw Electron configuration of an atom - Answer️️ -• Electrons are found around the nucleus of an atom. • Electrons are drawn in "shells" around the ato