water makes up ____% in men - ANSWER60%
water makes up ____% in women - ANSWER50%
made up of 2/3 (40%) of water - ANSWERintracellular
made up of 1/3 (20%) of water - ANSWERextracellular
what two things make up extracellular fluid? - ANSWERIntravascular and interstitial
what % of intr...
who has more water, elderly or pediatric? - ANSWERpediatric
why does total body water decrease as we age? - ANSWERdecreased free fat and muscle mass
renal decline
diminished thirst perception
edema - ANSWERaccumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
causes of edema - ANSWERincreased capillary hydrostatic pressure (increased BP),
decrease of plasma oncotic pressure,
obstruction of lymphatic circulation,
increased capillary permeability
What is ascites? - ANSWERaccumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
, example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure - ANSWERvenous obstruction, salt and water
retention, heart failure, renal failure
what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause? - ANSWERforces fluid into tissues
causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure - ANSWERdecreased plasma albumin
-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition)
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome)
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma proteins)
papilledema - ANSWERswelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the
eye through the optic disk
What causes papilledema? - ANSWERoften caused by increase in intracranial pressure
what is the primary extracellular fluid cation (positive charged ion)? - ANSWERSodium
movement of sodium in cell does what to hydrogen? - ANSWERpushes hydrogen out.
increase in sodium does what to fluid volume? - ANSWERincreases fluid volume
what is the primary extracellular anion? - ANSWERChloride
what if sodium goes in the cell what does the chloride do? - ANSWERfollows it in.
what is the amount of sodium in the extracellular fluid? - ANSWER142
what is the amount of sodium in the intracellular fluid? - ANSWER12
what does lymph obstruction cause? - ANSWERfluid movement into the tissues
decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure)
what are examples of increased capillary permeability? - ANSWERburns and inflammation
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