©SOPHIABENNETT@2024-2025 Sunday, August 18, 2024 6:00 PM
Dunphy Hematology - Final Study Guide
with Complete Solutions
Parts of White Blood Cell - Answer✔️✔️-Neutrophils - Lymphocytes - Monocytes -
Eosinophils (0-5%) - Basophils (0-3%)
Microcytic Anemia Defined - Answer✔️✔️-MCV < 80; anemia based on small size
(micro) red blood cells (cytic); linked to nutritional deficiencies; high prevalence
women childbearing age
Microcytic Anemia Labs - Answer✔️✔️-CBC - low RBC count, Hgb (usually <10),
and/or Hct
Macrocytic Anemia Defined - Answer✔️✔️-Large RBCs; MCV >100
four main components: 1. vit B deficiency, 2. folate deficiency, 3. antimetabolite
drugs (i.e. methotrexate) 4. misc. etiologies
Macrocytic Anemia Labs - Answer✔️✔️-CBC - peripheral blood smear - retic count
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Check reticulocyte count (immature RBCs - normal 1-2%), vitamin B12, RBC
folate, HC and MMA are both elevated in subclinical B12 deficiency; MCV >100
Macrocytic Anemia Subjective - Answer✔️✔️-pt c/o stomatitis, glossitis, nausea and
anorexia, diarrhea, peripheral neuropathies and malaise if deficient in Vit B12
Macrocytic Anemia Objective - Answer✔️✔️-pale mucosa, dry and cracked
oropharynx, thick and smooth surfaced tongue, tachycardia, systolic ejection
murmur, tachypnea, and diffuse abdominal tenderness with out organomegaly
Microcytic Anemia Subjective - Answer✔️✔️-tachycardia, fatigue, SOB, dyspnea on
exertion, palpitations, listlessness, poor concentration, anorexia, and dizziness or
lightheadedness
Microcytic Anemia Objective - Answer✔️✔️-As Hgb goes below 10, pt can present
with facial mask of fatigue, sallow-colored skin, pale mucous membranes,
tachycardia, and tachypnea at rest.
Reticulocytes Defined - Answer✔️✔️-Immature RBCs; measurement assists in
determining cause of anemia; normal "retic count" is 1-2%
Low Reticulocytes Abnormal Lab Result - Answer✔️✔️-suggests decreased bone
marrow production; nutritional deficiency, bone marrow suppression, or primary
bone marrow disorder
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High Reticulocytes Abnormal Lab Result - Answer✔️✔️-count suggests bleeding or
premature RBC destruction (hemolysis)
Hemolysis Defined - Answer✔️✔️-rupture or destruction of red blood cells; leads to
release of hemoglobin from within the RBCs into the blood plasma; usually acute
onset and precipitated by stress, infection, drugs, and fava beans
Hemolytic Anemia Labs - Answer✔️✔️-Elevated Retic
Elevated LDH
Elevated Total Bilirubin
Low Haptoglobin
Peripheral Blood Smear - abnormal cells
Stem Cells Defined - Answer✔️✔️-Primitive; self-replicate and differentiate to
become specialized progenitor cells which form mature cells; regulated by growth
factors (interleukins, erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, G-CSF)
Erythropoietin (EPO) Defined - Answer✔️✔️-Growth factor produced by kidneys
that is essential for RBC production and released from bone marrow; EPO levels
2.6-19.5
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