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DAS116 INFECTION CONTROL CASE STUDY UNIT 9 INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL TASK 1 | 2024/2025
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DAS116 INFECTION CONTROL CASE STUDY UNIT 9 INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL TASK 1 | 2024/2025
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ESTUDYDAS116 INFECTION CONTROL CASE STUDY
UNIT 9 INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
TASK 1
Introduction:
In this unit, I will talk about the difference between diseases and the infections that cause them. I
will also discuss the environments where infections grow and multiply, and the diseases they can
cause.
How Infections are Caused:
Infections are caused by tiny organisms called microorganisms. These include bacteria, viruses,
fungi, and parasites, which can make humans sick. Not all organisms get sick from infections;
for example, lizards may carry salmonella without getting ill, but this infection can cause serious
problems in humans.
Infections can multiply inside the human body, leading to diseases like HIV or the common cold.
Bacteria: These are single-celled organisms that can multiply under the right temperature
and conditions. They are known as pathogens.
Viruses: These are even smaller than bacteria and can survive without a host for a long
time, but they need a living cell to multiply. Some viruses can be treated with antibiotics,
but not all. They can spread from person to person, but it usually takes a large number of
viruses to make someone sick.
Parasites: These organisms can also cause infections and spread from person to person.
They can enter the body through the skin or mouth. An example of a parasite is
threadworms.
Fungi: These can be multi-celled like mold or single-celled like yeast. Fungi help break
down decaying plants and animals.
How Infections Spread:
Microorganisms can spread infections through direct contact between people. For example, if
someone has a cold, others can catch it by touching shared surfaces like keyboards or by being
near the person when they cough or sneeze, spreading tiny droplets.
Infections can also spread through other living things like plants, soil, and animals when they are
not using humans as hosts. For example, bacteria can thrive on plant roots and in soil. Bacteria
can survive in harsh conditions by forming spores, which can move to warmer areas. A cyst
forms when an infection causes a fluid-filled bump under the skin.
, ESTUDY
Carriers of Infections:
Infections can be spread by:
Contaminated Food: Eating raw or contaminated food can cause infections like
salmonella, making people very sick.
Water-borne Diseases: Drinking contaminated water can lead to infections because the
person ingests the microorganisms present in the water.
Human Contact: Infections can spread through human contact. For example,
unprotected sex with someone who has HIV can transmit the virus through bodily fluids.
Vector-borne Diseases: These are spread by animals like mosquitoes that feed on blood
and can carry infections from one person to another.
Communicable disease can spread through food, water, air, direct contact and insect. Food and water
can get into contact with germs and become infected if the food isn’t cooked or stored properly and if
the water isn’t properly stored or handled. Animals such as roaches may come into contact with it
therefore increasing the risk of the food or water being infected with germs.
Disease like poliomyelitis and cholera happen as a
result of this.
These diseases can also be transmitted through the air. When someone who is sick coughs, spits or
sneezes then they increase the chance of the germs being released into the air and entering another
person’s body. When a non sick person come in contact with a sick person clothes, towel or tissue then
they are likely to get
infected as well. Diseases like ringworm can happen as a result of this.
Diseases like malaria transmit because of blood sucking insects such as mosquitoes. Malaria happen
when protozoan gets in the bloodstream when a female mosquitoes sucks the blood of a healthy
person.
The resulting disease of some of these infections can be quite severe. Some disease can result into
systematic infection which means microorganism has caused an infection throughout the whole body
such as the respiratory and digestive system which makes it more severe. Meanwhile localised infection
is based on one area or location such as an infected wound.
Fungi
Athlete’s foot- Fungi can cause athlete's foot, ringworm and yeast infections such as candidiasis. For
instance the resulting disease that comes from having fungus is athlete's foot this happens because the
feet come in contact with skin to skin with contaminated surface, this occurs between the toes or feet.
This is because the feet or toes has become too sweaty and too hot so it allows for the fungi to multiply
and grow. This results in the feet becoming dry, flaky and itching, if not treated it can spread from toe to
toe and can cause a rash. According to (Cobb, 2018) you can get athlete's foot by wearing tight shoes,
having sweaty feet and going out bare feet.
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