DXI Chemistry Rotation Quiz All Possible Questions and Answers with complete solution

How does the acetone test work? - acetoacetic acid (diacetic acid) forms a colored complex with nitroprusside when in the presence of glycine and optimum pH provided by buffer Describe the end products, problem organ and TSH levels of: Secondary Hypothyroidism - Decreased T3,T4,FT4 Pituitary Problem Decreased TSH What is TSH, what is it released by and what does it do? - Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, released by the pituitary and stimulates thyroid to make more T3 and T4 Describe the end products, problem organ and TSH levels of: primary hyperthyroidism - Increased T3,T4,FT4, Thyroid Problem TSH decreased Describe the end products, problem organ and TSH levels of: Secondary Hyprerthyroidism - Increased T3,T4, FT4 Pituitary Problem TSH increased Describe the end products, problem organ and TSH levels of: Primary Hypothyroidism - Decreased T3,T4,FT4 Thyroid Problem Increased TSH What is TBG, where does it come from and what does it do? - Thyroxine binding globulin a protein made in the liver and carries T3 and T4 for transport.What are some cases in which TBG is decreased - Acute illness, anabolic steroids, and nephrotic syndrome What does anabolic steroids do? What is affected by it? - It induces puberty in men, TBG is decreased What is T3UP replaced by? and what is the other name for T3UP? - Free T4; THBR What does nephrotic syndrome mean? - Too much protein is being passed to the urine What does TRH mean, what is it released by, and what does it do? - Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone, released by hypothalamus and stimulates pituitary to produce TSH Hyperthyroidism categorizes what three diseases - Graves' disease, goiter (tumor), and adenoma (cancer) Hypothyroidism is associated with what diseases? - Hashimoto's and iron deficiency Hashimoto's is a general ________ in Thyroid hormones - decrease Graves is a general ______ in Thyroid hormones - increase What is acetone (acetest tablets) test for? - Detecting the ketones in urine or blood What is a positive and negative result in acetone test? Is this test confirmatory - Positive= Purple color Negative = Not purple color (disregard pink, yellow, or tan) What would increased ketones in the urine mean about the patient clinically? - Decreased carbohydrates from starvation, digestive issues or vomiting,Also decreased use of carbohydrates which signifies diabetes mellitus What is beta hydroxybutyrate - DXC test for glucoses acidosis What are signs of early preterm labor? - Intact amniotic membranes and minimal cervical dilation of less than 3 cm. If the amniotic membranes are not intact what is the fetal fibronectin result? - Positive If fetal fibronectin levels are high, what does that mean? - You could go into labor early If amniotic membranes are intact and there is minimal cervical dilation, what is the fetal fibronectin result? - Negative most likely What specimen is used to examine fetal lung maturity? - amniotic fluid obtained by amniocentesis What are three tests that can determine fetal lung maturity? Which of the three is the preferred? - PG, Lecithins/Sphingomyelins ratio and Lamellar bodies. L/S ratio is golden standard Describe the PG test and what result determines the fetal lung maturity - the presence of phosphatidylglycerol in human amniotic fluid- the presence of PG means the absence of respiratory issues. this test is used alongside others to make diagnosis. Describe the L/S ratio test results that correlate with fetal lung maturity - Greater than 2.0 is for mature fetal lung Describe how Lamellar bodies determine fetal lung maturity - Elevated counts of lamellar bodies indicate fetal lung maturity What are four physical properties of the solution that will change with amount of particles in solvent - 1. osmotic pressure ^ increase2. boiling point ^ increase 3. vapor pressure decreased 4. freezing point decrease The more impurities in a solvent will ______________ the freezing point osmometer - Decrease (take longer for freezing to occur) Increased osmolality = __________ solute - increased