ENVS 1000 Latest Questions And Answers 2024 Solutions
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ENVS 1000
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ENVS 1000
ENVS 1000 Latest Questions And Answers 2024 Solutions
Why do economists worry so much about economic growth? ANS Without growth, it is hard for incomes to rise and jobs to be provided to a growing population.
Even if we accept that economic growth provides benefits to society, what are some of...
ENVS 1000 Latest Questions And Answers 2024
Solutions
Why do economists worry so much about economic growth? ANS Without growth, it is hard for incomes to rise
and jobs to be provided to a growing population.
Even if we accept that economic growth provides benefits to society, what are some of the environmental concerns
that come alongside growth? ANS Resource scarcity can become a problem.
b. Pollution has economic and human health impacts.
We typically use a measure called Gross domestic product (GDP) to measure economic growth. This is an aggregate
way of looking at the exchange of goods and services in a country. If the goal of growth is to create a better society,
what is wrong with this term? ANS It doesn't directly measure how well society is functioning.
Lets imagine that I ask each of you to bring something to class that you can sell to other students. When you arrive,
you come up and I give you a price for each item and tell you who you can sell it to. From the perspective of a
modern economist, what's wrong with this system? ANS It is an economically inefficient way to distribute
resources in society.
Let's imagine that I ask each of you to bring something to class that you can sell without any restrictions. I then
leave the room, go back to my office, put my feet up on the desk and figure you'll sort it all out. Which of the
following is a good description of the economic system at work here? ANS A complete free market economy.
According to the principles behind a supply and demand curve, why might a company increase the supply of a
product if prices are high? ANS Because a high price indicates that there is a high demand and
therefore potential to sell a larger number of units.
Which of the following keep the US economy from completely following free market principles? ANS Certain
types of taxes.
b. Regulations (laws, rules etc).
Which of the following is included in the price of a good (in a free market system)? ANS The cost to produce the
good.
b. The cost to market and distribute the good
, magine a scenario in which a company is producing a new type of hair spray. This hair spray works really well but
actually causes respiratory (breathing) distress in people who are nearby when it is used. This distress is severe
enough that some people end up in the hospital. Why is this an externality? ANS Because there are costs
associated with the hospitalization that aren't part of the cost of the product.
Burning gasoline releases pollutants that cause harm to human health. Each year, these pollutants result in millions
of dollars of additional health care costs. Why would a government choose to add a tax to the cost of gasoline
rather than adding an extra tax on income (e.g. paychecks)? ANS A tax on gasoline would make the price of
gasoline closer to the actual costs associated with the production and consumption of the product.
A small mouse population found in the Front Range of Colorado that looks and acts very much like most other mice
in the area and yet this particular group of mice is thought by many to deserve protection under the US
Endangered Species Act (ESA). How could this be? ANS Because this particular group of mice appears to be
genetically distinct (sub)species and therefore would qualify for protection under the ESA.
How is it possible that we don't currently know how many species are present on Earth? ANS It's very difficult
to measure insect and microbiological diversity very accurately.
There are many different definitions of what a species is. These include the capacity to interbreed, physical
similarities, genetic similarities and others. Biologists spend a fairly large amount of time worrying about this
definition but does it make any difference for biodiversity conservation policy? ANS c. Yes, because US and
other types of conservation policies often focus on species-level conservation of threatened or endangered species.
When we convert a natural ecosystem into a crop field, how are we affecting ecosystem services? ANS We are
reducing supporting services in exchange for an increase in provisioning services.
There is an idea that more diverse ecosystems should be less affected by major environmental change than less
diverse ecosystems. For example a large drought would have a bigger negative impact on the life in a low diversity
ecosystem than it would on a high diversity ecosystem. Why would this be? ANS More diverse ecosystems have
a broader mix of species including some that are more likely to be able to tolerate changes such as drought, floods
or other extreme environmental events.
In past major extinction events, something happened (climate change, meteorite impact etc) and then many
species disappeared. What actually caused the species to disappear? ANS Conditions changed faster than the
organisms were able to adapt to and as a result these species eventually disappeared.
The background extinction rate is about 1extinction per 1 million species per year. How does the current rate of
extinction compare to the background extinction rate? ANS The current extinction rate is a lot higher (100X or
more) than the background rate.
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