Exam (elaborations)
NURS 231 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
NURS 231 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
[Show more]
Content preview
NURS 231 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS
pulmonaryaembolisma(PE)a-aans--Blockingaofaaapulmonaryaarteryadueatoaaabloodaclot
concepts:aclotting,aperfusion,aacid-baseaimbalance
actualao2acontentaofatheablooda-aans--SaO2axaHgbaxa1.34
respiratoryaalkalosisacausedabya-aans--anythingathatacausesaHYPERVENTILATION
-anxiety,amechanicalaventilation,ahypoxemia/hypoxia,aCNSastimulation
*tooafastaORatooadeep*
blowingaoffaCO2a-->aalkalosis
oxygenationaproblem
-decaO2a->aincaRRa->aincaPH
Alkalosisa-aans---relativeahypokalemia
-hypocalcemia
S/Sxaarear/tahypocalcemia
-numbnessaoratingling
-tetanyaandaconvulsions
-increasedaDTR
-CNSaexcitation
respiratoryaacidosisacausedabya-aans--anythingacausedabyaHYPOventilation
*extra-pulmonary*
-RRatooaslow
-depthatooashallow
*intra-pulmonary*
-pathologyainathealungathatainterferesawithagasaexchage
,-ex:aCOPD,aARDS,aPE
Acidosisa-aans---relativeahyperkalemia
-s/sxahypercalcemia
-lethargy,aCNSadepression,adecreasedaDTR
-Hgbadropsa-aSaO2adrops
-hypotension
-HA,aconfusion,adrowsiness
interventionsaforasevereaacidosisa-aans---moreaO2
-elevateaHOB
-stimulateapt
-c&dbaifacooperativea
-collabawaRTaandaphysician
-rapidaresponse?
Acutearespiratoryafailurea-aans--ventilatory/oxygenationafailure
ptaisaALWAYSahypoxemic
PaO2a<a60a=aoxygenationafailure
PaCO2a>50a=aventilatoryafailure
SaO2a<90%a=aboth
BiPAPa(bi-levelaventilation)a-aans---NIPPV
-mayapostponeaoraavoidaintubation
-CPAPa+aPS
CPAP/PEEPa-aans---positiveapressure
-positiveaendaexpiratoryapressure
-CONTINUOUSaposaairwayapressure
-"stent"aairwayaopen
-"recruit"aalveoli
-preventaatelectasis
-IMPROVEaOXYGENATION
PSa(pressureasupport)a-aans---positiveapressureaduringainspiration
-noasetarate,aptaMUSTabeabreathing
-improvesaventilation
-clearsaCO2
nursingaresponsibilitiesaforaNIPPVa-aans---monitoraresponse
-maintainaequipment
-preventacomplications
, pulmonaryaembolisma-aans--clotainatheapulmonaryavasculature
-nota"in"athealung
PEaspecificaassessmentafindingsa-aans---pleuriticachestapain
-dryacough
-hemoptysis
PEaABGsa-aans---respiratoryaalkalosisainitially
-thinkatachypnea
LATER:arespiratoryaacidosisar/taworseningagasaexchangeaandahypoventilation
PEaimaginga-aans--CTascana-abestaoption
VQascana-ararelyadoneanow
pulmonaryaangiographya-agoodabutainvasive
PEatherapya-aans--anticoagulants
fibrinolytics
Heparin
-aPTT:a1.5-2xacontrol
AcuteaRespiratoryaDistressaSyndromea(ARDS)a-aans--*-
persistingaandaprofoundahypoxemia*
-decreasedapulmonaryacompliance
-dyspnea
-noncardiac-associateabilateralapulmonaryaedema
-denseapulmonaryainfilatratesaseenaonaxraya-a"whiteaouts"
refractoryahypoxemiaa-aans--HallmarkaofaARDS
doesanotarespondatoaO2atherapy
ARDSacausesa-aans--acutealungainjury:
-sepsis
-burns
-trauma
-pancreatitis
-transfusion
-aspiration
SIRSa-asystemicainflammatoryaresponseasyndrome
CO2adilatesavesselsawhichacausesa-aans--hypotension
EarlyaARDSaABGa-aans--respiratoryaalkalosis
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller AGRADEPROMASTER. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
73314 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now