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NSC 150- GCU exam 1 questions with actual answers.
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NSC 150- GCU exam 1 questions withactual answers.
Function of carbs in body ANS - energy
Glycemic response ANS - The effect that food or meal has on blood glucose levels after consumption
Glycemic index- what does it mean, why would you want to know the glycemic index of a food ANS - -
Glycemic index is a value assigned to foods based on how quickly and how high those foods cause
increases in blood glucose levels.
- You would want to know the glycemic index of a food because it will help you make healthier food
choices and helps measure foods and how much they may increase your blood sugar levels
How does your body manage blood glucose? ANS - Blood glucose levels increase after you eat a meal
so when our blood sugar rises cells in the pancreas release insulin causing the body to absorb glucose
from the blood which lowers the blood sugar level back to normal
Monosaccharides & disaccharides (names) ANS - - Monosaccharides are a single simple sugar unit
(glucose, fructose, galactose) and they cant be broken down into simple sugar units, mono=one
- Disaccharides are made of two subunits, di=two
What are the polysaccharides ANS - Carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharide units
What differentiates starch from fiber ANS - Humans have enzymes that allow it to digest starch, fiber is
indigestible and passes through the digestive system to the gut
Soluble and insoluble fiber differentiate (foods and benefits) ANS - - Soluble fiber dissolves in water,
and includes plant pectin and gums
- Insoluble fiber doesn't dissolve in water
, Insulin and glucagon (effects of; when are they secreted) ANS - - Insulin is produced to keep blood
glucose from rising too high
- Glucagon keeps blood glucose from dropping too low
Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes ANS - Type 1 is a genetic condition that often show up early in life
- Pancreas does not produce enough insulin
Type 2 is mainly lifestyle related and develops over time
- Your body does not respond normally to insulin
What is gluten ANS - Gluten is a protein found in many grains, including wheat, barley and rye. Gluten
provides no essential nutrients. It can trigger a severe autoimmune response or other unpleasant
symptoms
What causes Celiac disease ANS - An abnormal immune system reaction to the protein gluten
Normal fasting blood glucose levels ANS - 99 mg/dl or lower is normal, 100 to 125 mg/dl indicates you
have prediabetes
Probiotic v prebiotic and examples ANS - - Probiotics are foods or supplements that contain live
microorganisms intended to maintain or improve the "good" bacteria (normal microflora) in the body. in
foods such as yogurt or sauerkraut
- Prebiotics are foods (typically high-fiber foods) that act as food for human microflora. they are in foods
such as whole grains, bananas, greens, and more.
Where are carbohydrates absorbed and in what form ANS - - They are absorbed into the blood in the
small intestine
- Digested to glucose, fructose and galactose
What causes lactose intolerance ANS - Your body not producing enough lactase
Differentiate factors of fatty acids ANS - In the number of C atoms, from 12-C to 24-C, and in the
number of double bonds in the chain, from none to one, two, or three
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