Immunity NURS 172- Questions & Complete Answers
Test used to confirm HIV results Right Ans - EIA (Assay test)
What additional testing is expected for HIV positive patients? Right Ans - 1.
CD4 Cell Count (to determine the staging of the disease and the need for
prophylactic treatment against HIV-related infections).
2. Viral Load Testing (CBC needed to identify anemia, thrombocytopenia,
leukopenia, and developing infections).
3. Chemistry Panel/UA (to disclose liver, renal, metabolic, or nutritional
disease.)
4. If not previously obtained, test for other STD's
ART (Antiretroviral therapy) is significant in what way regarding HIV
treatment? Right Ans - - Can greatly reduce HIV or viral load levels. ART
can result in a rapid decrease in HIV viral loads to undetectable levels within 6
months and a gradual decrease in CD4 cell count to "almost normal" levels.
**Does not cure HIV**
Most commonly used antiretroviral agents: Right Ans - 1.
Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI's)
2. Protease inhibitors (PI's)
3. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI's)
4. Fusion inhibitors
5. Entry inhibitors (CCR5 co-receptor antagonists)
Given 3 or more during tx - page 225.
Characteristics of RA Right Ans - 1. Develops over weeks to months
2. Systemic disease
3. Morning stiffness lasts 1 hour to all day.
4. Pain improves with joint use.
5. Can be juvenile
6. Effusions are common (Fluid in joints)
7. Affects small joints first
8. Fever, fatigue, and loss of energy occurs
What etiologic factor is related to the onset of RA? Right Ans - Genetic
predisposition
, Common manifestations of RA: Right Ans - 1. Bilateral swollen, tender
joints
2. Weight loss/fatigue
3. Swan neck deformity of fingers
4. Bilateral symmetric joint involvement
5. Joints tender, painful and warm to touch
Signs of aspirin toxicity? Right Ans - Hyperventilation
Agitation
Headache
Confusion
What laboratory value can you expect to be elevated due to an allergic
response? Right Ans - IgE / Esinophil level
Ex.) Atopic Dermatitis
What medication should be administered to protect from Hep B? Right Ans
- Gamma globulin
What medication would a patient be on for the remainder of life after a kidney
transplant? Right Ans - Cyclosporine
What should you avoid during cyclosporine therapy? Right Ans - Grapefruit
juice
-Can increase toxicity
What are the first initial symptoms of anaphylaxis? Right Ans - Itching and
edema at the site of exposure
What are later symptoms to assess for in anaphylaxis? Right Ans -
Tachycardia, dilated pupils, hypotension, wheezes.
Can the skin cutaneous scratch method be delegated? Right Ans - Yes
Characterizations of angioedema Right Ans - 1. Swelling of eye lids
2. Swelling of lips
3. Swelling of tongue
Test used to confirm HIV results Right Ans - EIA (Assay test)
What additional testing is expected for HIV positive patients? Right Ans - 1.
CD4 Cell Count (to determine the staging of the disease and the need for
prophylactic treatment against HIV-related infections).
2. Viral Load Testing (CBC needed to identify anemia, thrombocytopenia,
leukopenia, and developing infections).
3. Chemistry Panel/UA (to disclose liver, renal, metabolic, or nutritional
disease.)
4. If not previously obtained, test for other STD's
ART (Antiretroviral therapy) is significant in what way regarding HIV
treatment? Right Ans - - Can greatly reduce HIV or viral load levels. ART
can result in a rapid decrease in HIV viral loads to undetectable levels within 6
months and a gradual decrease in CD4 cell count to "almost normal" levels.
**Does not cure HIV**
Most commonly used antiretroviral agents: Right Ans - 1.
Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI's)
2. Protease inhibitors (PI's)
3. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI's)
4. Fusion inhibitors
5. Entry inhibitors (CCR5 co-receptor antagonists)
Given 3 or more during tx - page 225.
Characteristics of RA Right Ans - 1. Develops over weeks to months
2. Systemic disease
3. Morning stiffness lasts 1 hour to all day.
4. Pain improves with joint use.
5. Can be juvenile
6. Effusions are common (Fluid in joints)
7. Affects small joints first
8. Fever, fatigue, and loss of energy occurs
What etiologic factor is related to the onset of RA? Right Ans - Genetic
predisposition
, Common manifestations of RA: Right Ans - 1. Bilateral swollen, tender
joints
2. Weight loss/fatigue
3. Swan neck deformity of fingers
4. Bilateral symmetric joint involvement
5. Joints tender, painful and warm to touch
Signs of aspirin toxicity? Right Ans - Hyperventilation
Agitation
Headache
Confusion
What laboratory value can you expect to be elevated due to an allergic
response? Right Ans - IgE / Esinophil level
Ex.) Atopic Dermatitis
What medication should be administered to protect from Hep B? Right Ans
- Gamma globulin
What medication would a patient be on for the remainder of life after a kidney
transplant? Right Ans - Cyclosporine
What should you avoid during cyclosporine therapy? Right Ans - Grapefruit
juice
-Can increase toxicity
What are the first initial symptoms of anaphylaxis? Right Ans - Itching and
edema at the site of exposure
What are later symptoms to assess for in anaphylaxis? Right Ans -
Tachycardia, dilated pupils, hypotension, wheezes.
Can the skin cutaneous scratch method be delegated? Right Ans - Yes
Characterizations of angioedema Right Ans - 1. Swelling of eye lids
2. Swelling of lips
3. Swelling of tongue
