BIO 316 Exam 1 Questions With Correct
Answers.
Physiology - answerThe branch of biology that deals with the functions of living organisms
and their parts
natural selection - answerOrganismal function has been shaped by _________ in different
environments.
Darwin's 4 postulates of natural sele...
Physiology - answer✔✔The branch of biology that deals with the functions of living organisms
and their parts
natural selection - answer✔✔Organismal function has been shaped by _________ in different
environments.
Darwin's 4 postulates of natural selection - answer✔✔1. Phenotypes vary within populations
2. Some of this variation is passed on to offspring
3. In every generation, more offspring are produced than can survive
4. Some individuals survive and reproduce more effectively that others, and this success is
associated with their phenotypes
predict - answer✔✔Evolutionary reasoning allows us to ________ physiology based on
knowledge about local environments, not just
catalogue it across organisms and environments.
Intergrative - answer✔✔Physiology affects and/or responds to all levels of biological
organization; Physiology is an inherently ________ discipline.
Mechanisms and Origins - answer✔✔What are the 2 broad types of questions in animal
physiology about?
What is the mechanism by which a function is accomplished? - answer✔✔State the question on
mechanisms.
proximate causation - answer✔✔What is the question about mechanisms about?
How did that mechanism come to be? - answer✔✔State the question on origins.
ultimate causation - answer✔✔What is the question about origins about?
Mechanism - answer✔✔Interactions between the components of living animals that enable these
animals to perform and function as they do.
Evolution - answer✔✔Questions about the origin of a physiological function are fundamentally
about the ________ of that function and its broader ecological and adaptive significance
Inference - answer✔✔Answers to questions about origin are usually understood with less
certainty than questions about mechanism, because they often rely on indirect forms of _______.
Adaptations - answer✔✔Physiological mechanisms are almost always _________—traits that
have arisen as a result of natural selection.
Animal Physiology - answer✔✔________ is an inherently integrative field of study that asks
questions about the origin of, and mechanisms underlying, animal function.
Evolutionary - answer✔✔The field of animal physiology is based heavily in _______ biology,
and specifically, the ways in which physiological features have arisen via natural selection.
Predict - answer✔✔Evolutionary theory allows us to ______ what physiological functions a
given species might have, and it gives us a basis for making hypotheses.
Continuous; dynamic - answer✔✔The atoms of animal bodies undergo ________ and _______
exchange with the atoms of their environments
organization - answer✔✔In animals, it is the general ________ of these atoms that persists
through time, rather than the individual atoms themselves
Energy - answer✔✔To maintain organization of atoms, animals require the input of ______.
Homeostasis - answer✔✔Because animals dynamically interact with their environment, they
must maintain _______.
Homeostasis - answer✔✔The maintenance of a stable (or nearly stable) internal environment
Biochemistry; narrow - answer✔✔Homeostasis is important because most ________ operates
best
within a relatively ______ range of conditions.
Energy; broad - answer✔✔It costs ______ to maintain function across a ______ range of
environmental conditions such that a jack of all environments is usually a master of none.
regulation and conformity - answer✔✔How do animals respond to environmental variation?
Regulation - answer✔✔the animal physiologically or behaviorally compensates for
environmental variation
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