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NURS-194: Intestinal and Rectal Disorders Questions With Complete Solutions

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  • Nurs 309
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  • Nurs 309

NURS-194: Intestinal and Rectal Disorders Questions With Complete Solutions

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  • August 28, 2024
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  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • Nurs 309
  • Nurs 309
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NURS-194: Intestinal and Rectal Disorders Questions With
Complete Solutions

Anal fissure: Correct Answers a longitudinal tear or ulceration
in the lining of the anal canal; usually due to passing a large firm
piece of stool.

Other risk factors include anal intercourse, childbirth, and
trauma

Painful defecation, bleeding, and burning are indicative s/s;
bright red streaking on surface of BM is seen.

Anal fistula Correct Answers a small, tubular crack-like fibrous
sore in the skin of the anus that can cause severe pain during a
bowel movement

Usually resultant from an anorectal abscess

Passage of flatus or feces from vagina are huge reg flags.

May also cause fecal or septic drainage from a cutaneous
opening.

Surgery recommended; these are not likely to heal
spontaneously

50% recurrence rate post-op; keep watching.

,Anorectal abscess: Correct Answers Collection of perianal pus
resulting from an infection in the anal glands. Usually a result of
an obstruction (feces, foreign bodies, or trauma)

Higher risk with IBD and immunosuppressive conditions

Abscesses may tunnel and form fistulas, usually in the path of
least resistance

S/s:
- 25% report abnormal discharge
- 21% report fever, chills
- 50% present with perianal edema
- Most experience dull perianal discomfort, especially when
passing stool, and perianal pruritis

Antidiarrheal agents: Correct Answers Loperamide (drug of
choice)
Diphenoxylate/atropine

Appendicitis: Correct Answers Patho: Inflammation of the
appendix due to obstruction or infection or due to being kinked;
eventually it becomes ischemic, necrotic, and overrun by
bacterial overgrowth, and perforates.

S/s: low-grade fever, pain, paralytic ileus and abdominal
distention (if ruptured)

Statistic: the most common cause of acute abdomen and
emergency abdominal surgery.

, Pain:
- initially, vague and dull periumbilical pain
- RLQ pain that is sharp and well localized
- rebound tenderness
- palpation of LLQ causes RLQ pain (Rovsing's sign)
- if ruptured: s/s peritonitis

Dx:
- imaging (CT, US)
- rule out ectopic pregnancy with HCG
- UA to rule out renal calculi

Labs: C+S, CBC, CMP, Lactic, CRP
- CRP may be normal after 24hrs

Assessing constipation: Correct Answers Rome IV
Assessment: 25% of BMs with the following:
- straining during BM
- Bristol I stool (lumpy, hard)
- sensation of incomplete elimination
- manual maneuvers needed
- less than 3 BMs weekly

Diagnostic:
- Abdominal XR
- Endoscopy

avoiding gluten: Correct Answers 1. Choose naturally gluten-
free food:
- fruits
- veggies

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