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NURS 309 Quiz 12 Acute Renal 3 Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 309 Quiz 12 Acute Renal 3 Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 309 Quiz 12 Acute Renal 3 Questions With CompleteSolutions
A client is admitted to a medical unit with the diagnosis of acute
kidney failure. The nurse reviews the client's laboratory data,
performs a physical assessment, and obtains the client's vital
signs. What should the nurse conclude the client is most likely
experiencing? VS: Temp: 98.9, PR: 78, irregular, RR: 20/min,
BP: 180/100; Lab: K+: 5.8 mEq/L, Na+: 140 mEq/L, Ca++: 9.0
mg/dL
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hypouricemia
D. Hypercalcemia Correct Answers A. Hyperkalemia
A client with acute kidney failure becomes confused and
irritable. Which does the nurse determine is the most likely
cause of this behavior?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. A limited fluid intake
D. An increased blood urea nitrogen level Correct Answers D.
An increased blood urea nitrogen level
A client with acute kidney failure states, "Why am I twitching
and my fingers and toes tingling?" The nurse should respond,
"This is caused by:
A. acidosis"
B. calcium depletion"
C. potassium retention"
,D. sodium chloride depletion" Correct Answers B. calcium
depletion"
A nurse is caring for a client with acute kidney failure who is
receiving a protein restricted diet. The client asks why this diet
is necessary. What information should the nurse include in a
response to the client's questions?
A. A high-protein intake ensures an adequate daily supply of
amino acids to compensate for losses
B. Essential and nonessential amino acids are necessary in the
diet to supply materials for tissue protein synthesis
C. This supplies only essential amino acids, reducing the amount
of metabolic waste products, thus decreasing the stress on the
kidney
D. Urea nitrogen cannot be used to synthesize amino acids in the
body, so the nitrogen for amino acid synthesis must come from
the dietary protein Correct Answers C. This supplies only
essential amino acids, reducing the amount of metabolic waste
products, thus decreasing the stress on the kidney
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney failure. What
should the nurse teach the client to limit the intake of to help
control uremia associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
A. Fluid
B. Protein
C. Sodium
D. Potassium Correct Answers B. Protein
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney failure. Which
clinical findings should the nurse expect when assessing this
client? SATA
,A. Polyuria
B. Lethargy
C. Hypotension
D. Muscle twitching
E. Respiratory acidosis Correct Answers B. Lethargy
D. Muscle twitching
A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage renal disease.
Which clinical indicators of end-stage renal disease should the
nurse expect? SATA
A. Polyuria
B. Jaundice
C. Azotemia
D. Hypertension
E. Polycythemia Correct Answers C. Azotemia
D. Hypertension
A patient and family are trying to plan a schedule that
coordinates with the patient's hemodialysis regimen. The patient
asks, "How often will I have to go and how long does it take?"
What is the nurse's best response?
A. "If you follow diet and fluid therapies, you spend less time in
dialysis, about 12 hours a week"
B. "Most patients require about 12 hours per week; this is
usually divided into three 4-hour treatments"
C. "It varies. You will have to call your health care provider for
specific instructions"
D. "Many patients prefer to have treatments that occur every
night while sleeping" Correct Answers B. "Most patients
require about 12 hours per week; this is usually divided into
three 4-hour treatments"
, A patient can develop intrarenal kidney injury from which
causes? SATA
A. Vasculitis
B. Pyelonephritis
C. Strenuous exercise
D. Exposure to nephrotoxins
E. Bladder cancer
F. Systemic infection (sepsis) Correct Answers A. Vasculitis
B. Pyelonephritis
D. Exposure to nephrotoxins
F. Systemic infection (sepsis)
A patient has acute kidney injury related to nephrotoxins. To
improve glomerular filtration rate and improve blood flow to the
kidneys, which type of medication does the nurse anticipate the
health care provider will prescribe?
A. Loop diuretics
B. Phosphate binders
C. Erythropoietin stimulating agents
D. Calcium channel blockers Correct Answers D. Calcium
channel blockers
A patient has been diagnosed with acute kidney injury, but the
cause is uncertain. The nurse prepares patient educational
material about which diagnostic test?
A. Flat plate of abdomen
B. Renal ultrasonography
C. Computed tomography
D. Kidney biopsy Correct Answers D. Kidney biopsy
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