NUR 340-Exam 2 Study Questions and
Correct Answers
Immunity ✅the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the
action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.
passive immunity between mother and baby ✅-mother interaction at birth
-immune systems are not fully mature and are more susceptible to infection
-anything that the mother is immune to, will be passed to the child.
active immunity between mother and baby ✅immunizations
exposure
vaccines
breast milk
Live vaccines ✅varicella, rubella, measles, chicken pox, mumps (weakened form)
killed vaccine ✅polio (inactivated)
Why is it important to know if you are giving a live vaccine? ✅Important to know if
you're giving a live vaccine because of children who are immunocompromised or
pregnant women aren't allowed live vaccines. If a mother is needing vaccines, we give
them right before discharge.
Decision to give vaccine to a particular age group is based on whether benefit
outweighs risk. ✅-Make sure you know the laws
-Recommendation for immunocompromised child with cancer- important that the child
gets vaccines.
-important infants get vaccines around 1-3 months since their passive immunity is
wearing off, they might start at a daycare.
-consent is key for any administration of vaccines
What immunizations should a 2-month-old receive if they have only received 1 Hep B?
✅They should receive the other Hep B immunization as well as HiB, DTaP, IPV,
retrovirus, PCV.
When is the first MMR and Varicella vaccine given? ✅12 months
What immunizations should a child get at the preschool checkup? ✅influenza
What considerations should you look into when wanting to give a vaccine to a child?
✅-allergies- eggs, previous vaccine
-fear
,-cultural
-consent
Which two vaccines are required in NC for 7th grade entry or by 12 years of age
whichever comes first? ✅Influenza, TDaP, meningococcal B
Immunizations that are required for 11-12 year olds in North Carolina ✅TDaP and
meningococcal
Communicable disease that is dangerous to pregnant women because it can cause
severe defects in the fetus ✅Rubella
WHAT ARE PARENTS CONCERNS? ✅Reactions- fever, hives at insertion site,
fatigue, joint pain, flush face.
-talk to them about what to expect, have parents present, comfort measures, distraction,
options.
Fever means it's working in the body.
Antipyretics, when to give meds and rotate Tylenol and Motrin. Monitor the child's fever.
Cold washcloth, popsicles, hydration.
Call if fever goes over 104.2, few blankets, keep a close eye.
Education for a child at well visit checkup ✅importance of the immunization, research,
what to expect, possible side effects, risk vs benefits, how to treat side effects,
anaphylaxis signs and how to treat it. (call 911), encourage children with cancer to get
vaccinated. Hand hygiene, not hanging out in large crowds.
HOW CAN THE HEALTH CARE PROVIDER ALLEVIATE THESE CONCERNS? ✅talk
to them about what to expect, have parents present, comfort measures, distraction,
options
Fever means it's working in the body. Antipyretics, when to give meds and rotate
Tylenol and Motrin. Monitor the child's fever. Cold washcloth, popsicles, hydration. Call
if fever goes over 104.2, few blankets, keep a close eye.
How do children become infected with HIV? ✅Via pregnancy/childbirth from an HIV-
infected mother
Via breast milk from an HIV-infected mother
Via IV drug use with HIV-contaminated needles (on the rise in teenagers)
Via unprotected sexual contact with an HIV-infected person (need to consider incest or
sexual abuse)
Early signs of HIV infection include ✅Oral thrush
Failure to thrive
, Recurrent fever
Chronic diarrhea
Only the most serious forms of the illness are called AIDS. Opportunistic infections
indicate this. Bacteria that ordinarily would not cause infection will cause a problem.
-every mother is tested for HIV upon admission
treatment for HIV ✅-Identification
-Antiretroviral treatment (HAART)
Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment
-Preventive antibiotics
Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
Treatment of infections
JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS ✅autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic
inflammation of synovium with joint involvement.
-polyarthritis
-Oligoarthritis
-Systemic
if arthritis in children is systemic we need to ✅consider their immune system, rule out
every other disease prior to diagnosing this since the symptoms are similar to a variety
of illnesses.
-Educate about joint pain with vaccines to these patients especially
-young age are already being impacted by their illness. Kids just want to run and play
and may not be able to.
outcomes for juvenile arthritis ✅Promote normal growth and development
Pain control
Promote mobility
treatment for juvenile arthritis ✅NSAIDS, Steroids, Disease-modifying antirheumatic
drugs, Biological response modifiers
Physical therapy
Occupational therapy
nursing priorities for juvenile arthritis ✅mobility, education support, comfort
-effects strengthening of muscles, muscles become more stiff when they are not being
used and kids won't want to go and play.
-consider chronic use of meds and how that will impact them overtime
Steroids- help decreases inflammation of the joints
School age child with arthritis- may need a set of books at home and school and have
an individual health plan
-teachers need to know signs and symptoms
