Life Sci 15-UCLA Phelan final Exam Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
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Course
LS15
Institution
University Of California - Los Angeles
Life Sci 15-UCLA Phelan final Exam
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Describe the interplay between culture and biology. - Answer️️ -Genes do
not fully dictate our behavior, but neither does culture. We carry alleles
that nudge us toward certain behaviors (bearing children at 12/13).
Howev...
Life Sci 15-UCLA Phelan final Exam
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Describe the interplay between culture and biology. - Answer✔️✔️-Genes do
not fully dictate our behavior, but neither does culture. We carry alleles
that nudge us toward certain behaviors (bearing children at 12/13).
However, culture also relays information that helps us resist genetic urges
that are no longer useful in the current environment (use birth control or
abstain from sex).
What is the fundamental reproductive equation and what does it reveal
about the interplay between culture and biology? - Answer✔️✔️-
sex=pregnancy=babies=maternal child care=loss of female economic
opportunity=loss of female political power. However, cultural innovations
have allowed the breakdown of the FRE--> culture can interfere with
biology and remove initial biological constraints.
What is constrained learning? - Answer✔️✔️-Due to biological constraints,
there are limits on species' ability to learn certain tasks. We inherit the
ability to learn some things (prepared learning) when environmental cues
are present. This shows how biological constraints can sometimes not be
overcome by culture.
"Sauce Bearnaise phenomenon" - Answer✔️✔️-Humans quickly associate
nausea to the food we consumed (so do rats).
example of constrained learning: rats - Answer✔️✔️-Rats were easily able to
learn that weird tasting water led to nausea and they stopped drinking
water. They could also learn that noise and lights when they drank water
led to electric shock. This is due to a genetically-coded hypothesis: If I feel
sick, it must be something I ate. However, they could not learn the
association between noise and lights and nausea, as well as weird taste and
electric shock.
example of constrained learning: languages - Answer✔️✔️-Humans have a
narrow window of "prepared learning" time in which it is easy to learn
languages (when we're young), but it is significantly more difficult to learn
languages when we're older.
EEA and why is it important to be aware of it - Answer✔️✔️-environment of
evolutionary adaptedness
explains behaviors that are mismatched to our current environment (food
preference for fatty food even though it decreases our fitness due to
obesity)
Why is the EEA sometimes different from the current environment? -
Answer✔️✔️-The environment can change quickly, but evolution is slow.
3 examples of species having mismatch between EEA and current
environment - Answer✔️✔️-1. Humans: hunter-gatherer society vs.
industrial society
2. Polar bears: icy, cold climate vs. global warming and melting ice caps
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