USMLE STEP 1 Neurology Exam Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
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Course
USMLE
Institution
USMLE
USMLE STEP 1 Neurology Exam Practice
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
The notochord induces what to differentiate into what? - Answer️️ -
Induces overlying ECTODERM to differentiate into NEUROECTODERM
and form NUERAL PLATE
Neural plate then gives rise to? - Answer️️ -Neural tube and n...
USMLE STEP 1 Neurology Exam Practice
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
The notochord induces what to differentiate into what? - Answer✔️✔️-
Induces overlying ECTODERM to differentiate into NEUROECTODERM
and form NUERAL PLATE
Neural plate then gives rise to? - Answer✔️✔️-Neural tube and neural crest
cells
Notochord becomes what? - Answer✔️✔️-Nucleus pulposus of the
intervertebral disks in adults
Alar Plate - Answer✔️✔️-Dorsal [Sensory]
Same orientation as spinal cord
Basal Plate - Answer✔️✔️-Ventral [Motor]
Same orientation as the spinal cord
How does FGF affect chordin and noggin? - Answer✔️✔️-FGF regulates
chordin and noggin to down regulate BMP which leads to neural plate
induction
Three Primary Vesicles - Answer✔️✔️-1. Forebrain [Prosencephalon]
Holoprosencephaly - Answer✔️✔️-Failure of LEFT AND RIGHT
HEMISPHERES TO SEPARATE
Usually occurs during the 5th and 6th week
May be related to mutations in the SONIC HEDGEHOG signaling pathway
Moderate form = Cleft lip/palate
Severe form = Cyclopia
Seen in:
1. PATAU SYNDROME
2. FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
Chiari Type II Malformation - Answer✔️✔️-Posterior fossa malformation
Significant HERNIATION of the CEREBELLAR TONSILS and VERMIS
through FORAMEN MAGNUM with AQUEDUCTAL STENOSIS and
HYDROCEPHALUS
Patients often present w/:
1. Lumbosacral meningomyelocele
2. Paralysis below the defect
Dandy-Walker Malformation - Answer✔️✔️-AGENESIS of CEREBELLAR
VERMIS with CYSTIC ENLARGEMENT of the 4th ventricle
Fills enlarged posterior fossa
Associated w/:
4
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