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NURSING 1010 FUNDAMENTALS FALL 22 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024
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NURSING 1010 FUNDAMENTALS FALL 22 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024
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NURSING 1010 FUNDAMENTALS FALL22 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024
Lecture #1 - nursing practice act - ANSWER -defines your scope of practice; scope of practice -defines the
boundaries of the practice of nursing and how it may intersect with other professions/disciplines.
patient self-determination act - ANSWER -requires health care facilities to provide patients with info
related to their preferences for end-of-life care.
americans with disabilities act - ANSWER -protects patients with physical/mental disabilities; ensures
equal opportunities
emergency medical treatment and active labor act - ANSWER -when a patient presents to an ED
department, they must be treated and stabilized before being transferred. ex: gunshot wound showing
up to women's and infants department
health insurance portability and accountability act - ANSWER -protects the privacy of health care info;
allows the individual to control the sharing of their health care info; prevents the lost of health care
coverage in the event of a job change IF you've had health care coverage for at least 12 months with
your previous employer
standard of care - ANSWER -legal guidelines for defining nursing practice and identifies the minimum
acceptable nursing care
sources for standards of care for nurses - ANSWER -ANA, joint commission, nurse practice act, federal
organizations/guidelines, federal/state laws, nursing specialty-organizations, nurse's job description +
education + expertise, individual institutional policies and procedures
nurse's role regarding a "do not resuscitate" - ANSWER -DNR - a written order that tell you to what
extent of resuscitation efforts is preferred by the patient or family member
legal aspects of nurse-patient, nurse-health care provider, nurse-nurse, nurse-employer - ANSWER -
nurse-patient: privacy + confidentiality
,-nurse-HCP - follows orders unless theres an error with the order and if the order can cause harm; always
verify with the prescriber. If problem persists, contact nursing supervisor
-nurse-nurse - avoid discussing patients in public hallways + provide reasonable levels of privacy when
communicating with or about patients in any manner
-nurse-employer - help protect the patients right to confidentiality
negligence - nursing implications associated with legal issues - ANSWER -conduct that falls under the
standard of care
proof of negligence - ANSWER -duty - the nurse owed a duty to the patient
-breach of duty- the nurse failed to carry out that duty
-causation - the patient was injured
-damages - the patients injury was caused by the nurse's failure to carry out a duty.
Malpractice - ANSWER -breach of duty
tort law - ANSWER -civil lawsuit; law of medical liability is the legal discipline of malpractice ; can be
intentional or unintentional
tort law - intentional - ANSWER -assault - threat of harm but no actual contact
-battery - physical harm. ex: health care provider going above and beyond their scope of practice is
battery
-false imprisonment - restraints without order; restraints should only be used when ALL other resources
have been used
quasi-intentional - ANSWER -intentional
-defamation of character: invasion of privacy
--slander - verbal
--libel - written
unintentional - ANSWER -negligence/malpractice
,informed consent - ANSWER -agreement that allows care based on full disclosure of risks/benefits,
alternatives + consequences of refusal of the treatment/procedure
-nurse's signature as a witness means that the patient voluntarily gave consent, patient's signature is
authentic and patient is competent enough to give consent
employer/employee liability - ANSWER -employer is liable for the acts of its employee if the employee
was acting as an agent of the employer and the actions resulted in injury within the scope of
employment
Good Samaritan Law - ANSWER -law that protects health care providers from chargers of negligence in
providing emergency care if 1) the care is within their scope of practice and 2) no fee is received or
charged for their services
-- ex: emergency care for disasters, accidents, and emergency in general
ethical components of professional practice - ANSWER -beneficence - doing good; caring for patients
irrespective of the nurses personal feelings
-nonmaleficence - do no harm
-autonomy- allow patients to make their own decisions(also deals with the initiation of independent
nursing interventions without medical orders)
-veracity - truthful
-accountability - accept responsiblity
-advocacy - speak up for patients
-confidentiality - HIPAA
-fidelity - keeping promises/agreements
-responsibility - reliable/dependable
development of professional nursing roles - ANSWER -autonomy + confidentiality
-caregiver
-education
-communicator
-manager
, -advocate
Lecture #2- factors that cause variations in body temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure and
oxygen saturation - ANSWER -body temp - age, recent exercise, certain medications, eating, stress,
environment, fluctuation in hormones, circadian rhythm; hypothermia = low temp - ex: frost bite;
hyperthermia = high temp - ex: fever, heat stroke, heat exhaustion
-pulse - age, gender, exercise, fluid volume, underlying diseases, stress, presence of fever, medications;
females tend to have a faster HR; tachycardia = fast HR; bradycardia = slow HR; sites = radial pulse,
brachial, apical, carotid, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis; difficulty palpating pulse may
be due to poor circulation, edema, obesity, and other obstructions
-respirations - age, exercise, respiratory and cardiovascular disease, alterations in fluid and electrolytes
balance acid-base disturbances, pain, medications, and emotions
--eupnea - normal breathing; 12-20 BPM
--tachypnea - rapid, shallow breathing; more than 24BPM
--bradypnea - slow breathing; less than 10 BPM
--hypoventilation - slow, shallow breathing
--hyperventilation - rapid, deep breathing
--dyspnea - difficulty breathing
--apnea - not breathing for several seconds; brain damage occurs after 4-6 minutes
--orthopnea - difficulty breathing while laying down
-blood pressure - age, gender, race, medications, weight, circadian rhythm, head injury, pain, emotions,
cuff size, stress, fluid intake, increased blood volume
--hypotension - systolic less than 90(or 20-30 mmHg below patient's normal BP) and diastolic less than
60
--hypertension - greater than 120/80; 120-129 is elevated; 130-139/80-89 is stage 1; 140/90 or above is
stage 2
---can lead to myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure and death
---can be caused by family past history, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, stress, alcohol, smoking, and high
fat/salt dies
--orthostatic hypotension - decline in BP when a patient moves from a supine positi
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