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Pediatric HESI Practice Exam Questions and Answers
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Pediatric HESI Practice Exam Questions and Answers
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Pediatric HESI Practice Exam Questionsand Answers
The nurse is assessing an infant with diarrhea and lethargy. Which finding should the
nurse identify that is consistent with early dehydration?
A. Tachycardia.
B. Bradycardia.
C. Dry mucous membranes.
D. Increased skin turgor. - Answer -A. Tachycardia.
While assessing the apical pulse of a 13-year-old, the nurse determines that the rate is
88 beats/minute, and the rhythm is irregular. The heart rate is phasic with respirations,
increasing during inspiration and decreasing with expiration. What action should the
nurse take?
A. Continue the cardiac examination.
B. Inquire about daily caffeine intake.
C. Re-assess the apical pulse in 15 minutes.
D. Schedule a consultation with a cardiologist. - Answer -A. Continue the cardiac
examination.
An 8-year-old boy who is recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus is admitted to the
intensive care unit with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which nursing action has the
highest priority?
A. Place on cardiac monitor.
B. Initiate an intravenous infusion.
C. Collect specimen for serum electrolytes.
D. Obtain fingerstick glucose. - Answer -B. Initiate an intravenous infusion.
A mother tells the nurse that her children are asking questions about divorce, but one
male child tells her that he is sorry that he caused the divorce of the parents. Which age
group is most likely to experience feelings of punishment or responsibity for the divorce
of parents?
A. 1 year.
B. 4 years.
C. 8 years.
D. 13 years. - Answer -B. 4 years.
,A 14-year-old returns to the pediatric unit after corrective surgery for scoliosis. In the
immediate postoperative period, the nurse should include which action(s) in this client's
plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
Select all that apply
A. Record intake and output every 8 hours.
B. Elevate the head of the bed 30 degrees.
C. Assess bowel sounds every 4 hours.
D. Initiate a logrolling schedule every 2 hours.
E. Ambulate for 5 minutes 12 hours postoperative.
F. Give morphine sulfate 2 mg IV every 4 hours PRN.
Rationale - Answer -A. Record intake and output every 8 hours.
C. Assess bowel sounds every 4 hours.
D. Initiate a logrolling schedule every 2 hours.
F. Give morphine sulfate 2 mg IV every 4 hours PRN.
Rationale
A newborn who is breastfeeding is diagnosed with galactosemia. What action should
the nurse implement?
A. Stop the infant breastfeeding.
B. Add amino acids to breast milk.
C. Give galactokinase with breast milk.
D. Substitute a lactose-containing formula. - Answer -A. Stop the infant breastfeeding.
The parents of a child with Asperger's disorder asks the nurse to explain the differences
between Asperger's and autism. Which information should the nurse share with the
parents about Asperger's disorder that is not characteristic in autism?
A. Obsession with moving objects.
B. Repetitive patterns of behavior.
C. Age-appropriate language development.
D. Stereotypic movements and speech patterns. - Answer -C. Age-appropriate
language development.
The nurse notices that the hem of a skirt on a pre-adolescent girl is uneven when she
comes to the clinic. What procedure should the nurse follow to examine the girl for
scoliosis? (Arrange the examination process from first on top to last on the bottom.)
1. Ask the girl to remove her shirt but leave on her bra or swimsuit top.
2. Instruct the girl to bend at the waist so back is parallel to the floor.
3. Look for asymmetry in the hip area.
4. Examine for scapular prominence. - Answer -1. Ask the girl to remove her shirt but
leave on her bra or swimsuit top.
2. Look for asymmetry in the hip area.
3. Instruct the girl to bend at the waist so back is parallel to the floor.
4. Examine for scapular prominence.
A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room because of a possible diazepam
(Valium) overdose. He is lethargic and confused, and his vital signs are: pulse rate 100
, beats/minute, respiratory rate 20 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 70/30. Which
nursing intervention has the highest priority?
A. Insert an orogastric tube for gastric lavage.
B. Prepare a set-up for an endotracheal intubation.
C. Draw blood for stat chemistries and blood gases.
D. Insert a Foley catheter to monitor renal functioning. - Answer -B. Prepare a set-up for
an endotracheal intubation.
A seven-month old infant is admitted with nonorganic failure to thrive (NFTT). To aid the
child's growth and development, which intervention is most important for the nurse to
implement?
A. Encourage the parents to participate in a planned program of play with the infant.
B. Refer the parents for psychological counseling to identify parental detachment.
C. Demonstrate feeding strategies and infant cues that indicate hunger and satiation.
D. Provide instructions about formula preparation and feeding schedules. - Answer -C.
Demonstrate feeding strategies and infant cues that indicate hunger and satiation.
The nurse is caring for a premature infant who needs an IV access restarted. What
action should the nurse take when using adhesive tape?
A. Remove adhesives with water, mineral oil, or petrolatum.
B. Avoid using tape and adhesives until skin is more mature.
C. Use scissors carefully to remove tape instead of pulling tape off.
D. Employ solvents to remove adhesives instead of pulling on skin. - Answer -A.
Remove adhesives with water, mineral oil, or petrolatum.
The nurse is collecting a blood sample from a newborn for a screening test for
phenylketonuria (PKU). When should the nurse obtain the blood sample?
A. At birth from cord blood.
B. Fourteen days after birth.
C. Before oral feedings are initiated.
D. After ingestion of a source of protein. - Answer -D. After ingestion of a source of
protein.
A mother brings her 6-month-old infant to the clinic for a well-baby routine exam. Which
vaccine(s) should the nurse verify the infant has received? (Select all that apply.)
Select all that apply
A. Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4).
B. Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (Hib).
C. Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).
D. Hepatitis B virus vaccine (HepB).
E. Diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, and acellular pertussis (DTaP).
F. Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR). - Answer -B. Haemophilus influenzae
type b conjugate vaccine (Hib).
C. Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).
D. Hepatitis B virus vaccine (HepB).
E. Diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, and acellular pertussis (DTaP).
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