Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam(350 questions with correct answers)
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Portage Learning A&P
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Portage Learning A&P
Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam(350 questions with correct answers)/Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam(350 questions with correct answers)/Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam(350 questions with correct answers)
Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam
List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity. - correct answer The
abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
True or False?
a. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. (T or F)
b. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP. (T or F)
c. Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell membrane. (T or
F)
d. Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject biomacromolecules from the
cell. (T or F)
e. Pinocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell
membrane to bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F) - correct
answer a. True
b. True
c. False
d. False
e. False
You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the same type of
eukaryotic cell but one appears much larger. Based on appearance alone, which
one would you expect to be carrying out respiration at a more active rate, the
larger or smaller cell? Explain why. - correct answer I believe it is the smaller cell
that will breathe at a more active rate because in order for respiration to occur
efficiently and more actively the surface area to volume ratio is very critical; also,
if the larger surface area is present then the diffusion of gases occur at a higher
rate; so, larger cells will have a smaller surface to volume ratio and diffusion that
will occur at a slower rate creating a less active respiration; and, on the other
hand smaller cells will have a larger surface area to volume ratio and an improved
diffusion rate, so the higher rate and more active respiration.
,Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam
The smaller cell. Cells need to remain relatively small because as a cell expands
the amount of surface area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The
smaller cell is more active because relative to its volume, its surface area is larger
than a bigger cell. With a larger surface area (relative to its volume) this allows
the metabolic processes to occur faster.
Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words.
Explain what happens to the epiglottis during swallowing. Why? - correct answer
During swallowing the epiglottis moves inferiorly to close off and prevent
aspiration by covering the trachea and creating a passage for liquid, food, or bolus
into the esophagus; and, preventing these things from entering into the lungs.
Air and food pass in which one of the following areas: - correct answer
Oropharynx
Label the following five items from the diagram:
Label B- ___________
Label D- __________
Label E- __________
Label F- __________
Label G- __________ - correct answer B - Oral Cavity
D - Epiglottis
E - Glottis
F - Trachea
G - Esophagus
From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree are: - correct
answer Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles
Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin)
might develop gastric/stomach ulcers. - correct answer Hypergastrinemia leads
to excess secretion of the gastrin hormone, which induces excess secretion of
,Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam
hydrochloric acid in the stomach; and, the excess acid then acts as a protective
mucousa layer causing disruption that can lead to those ulcers.
Gastrin stimulates the secretions of pepsinogens and hydrochloric acid. Excess
amounts would lead to erosion of the stomach lining.
Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5 organs of the digestive
system.
To receive credit for the intestines you must label the specific region.
3: ___________
4: ___________
7: ___________
9: ___________
10: ___________ - correct answer 3. Stomach
4. Gallbladder
7. Jejunum
9. Appendix
10. Rectum
Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words.
Answer the following essay question:
Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and
purposes. - correct answer Parietal and chief cells are located in the stomach wall
and they secrete gastric juices and mucous, secrete hormones that regulate
digestive activity; also, parietal cells produce HCl in the stomach; and, chief cells
secrete te enzymes pepsinogen, rennin, and gastric lipase.
, Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam
The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete hydrochloric
acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the bacteria
ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary
amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin.
Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pre-enzyme) is secreted by the
chief cells in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen
(secreted by the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the
breakdown of proteins.
Label the following bones of the skeleton from the figure below:
1: ____________
3:____________
5:____________
7: ____________
8: ____________ - correct answer 1: Frontal bone/frontal sinuses
3: Maxilla
5: Vomer
7: Maxilla
8: Mandible
Label the bones in the figure below:
A: ____________
B: ____________
C: ____________
D: ____________
E: _____________ - correct answer A. Pisiform
B. Hamate
C. Capitate
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