Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
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AQA sociology: Crime in a global context
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Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
Institution
AQA
4,10 and 30 markers on crime in a global context.
A/A*
Outline two types of green crime (4 marks)
Outline two ways globalisation has increased crime (4 marks)
Applying material from Item C, analyse two reasons why globalisation may lead to an increase in crime (10 marks)
Applying mat...
Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
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Outline two types of green crime (4 marks)
•One type of green crime is primary green crime which results directly from the destruction and
degradation of the earth’s resources.
•Another type of green crime is secondary green crime which grows out of flouting of rules aimed at
preventing or regulating environmental disasters.
Outline two ways globalisation has increased crime (4 marks)
•Globalisation has allowed transnational corporations to switch manufacturing to low-wage countries,
producing unemployment, insecurity and poverty. Thus increasing people’s need to commit crime to
survive.
•Another way is local crime organisations having international, global links. Crime now works at a glocal
level which increases new criminal opportunities and patterns for those in local areas.
Item A
Globalisation is the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected. One cause of
increased interconnectedness is the development of the internet and global communications
technology. Globalisation is further developed by the deregulation of financial markets and the
availability of cheap air travel. One impact of globalisation is an increase in inequality between rich and
poor countries.
Applying material from Item C, analyse two reasons why globalisation may lead to an increase in crime
(10 marks)
One reason globalisation may have led to an increase in crime is the “deregulation of financial markets”.
Taylor argues that globalisation has led to changes in the pattern and extent of crime by creating greater
inequality. Globa;lisation has allowed transnational corporations to switch manufacturing to low-wage
countries, producing job insecurity, unemployment and poverty. Thus encouraging the poor to turn to
crime due to the lack of legitimate jobs, so they look to illegitimate means to reach their goals and
survive. Deregulation means that the government has little control over their own economies, for
example to raise taxes or create jobs. This creates criminal opportunities on a grand scale for elite groups
and companies. Deregulation creates opportunities such as insider trading and the movement of funds
around the globe to avoid taxation. This can be linked to the Bhopal Disaster and how the US company
union carbide moved their company to Bhopal in India where they were able to dodge health and safety
laws and be understaffed at the plant. Thus leading to the disaster which had long lasting detrimental
effects and the deaths of up to 15,000 people. However, this explanation does not explain how these
changes make people behave in criminal ways. It can be considered deterministic and simplistic as not all
people commit crime and not all powerful companies use these opportunities to commit crime.
Another reason globalisation may have led to an increase in crime is “the development of the internet
and global communications technology”. Globalisation creates new insecurities and produces a new
mentality of risk consciousness in which risk is seen as global, rather than tied to particular places. Much
of our knowledge about risks comes from the media, which everyone has increasing access to due to
globalisation. Often the media exaggerates the view of the dangers we face creating a moral panic. For
example, negative coverage of immigrants, portrayed as terrorists or scroungers flooding the country, has
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