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VEN 124 Midterm one Materials(98 questions and answers).
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VEN 124 Midterm one Materials(98 questions and answers).
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VEN 124 Midterm oneMaterials(98 questions and
answers)
Wine flavor comes from? - answer Grape, activity
of microorganisms, processing choices, aging
Characteristics of Plants - answer Stuck where
they are: use chemical strategies to deal with
problems.
Nutrient limitation, excess/shortage water, temp,
etc.
Role of fruit - answer Dispersal of seed. Seed
itself is designed to taste bad.
Characteristics of Grapevines - answer 1) Grown
in variety of soil/climates
2) Persist in nutrient deficient soils
3) Crop set happens in previous season
4) Dormant buds from prior season
5) Root structure up to 90% of vine mass
,The Importance of Soil - answer Water holding
capacity, nutrient availability, promote good
bacteria, promote good fungi, insects, oxygen
availability
Factors affecting berry development and
maturation - answer 1) Climate: Warmer - faster,
less acidity, color, higher pH
2) Variety: Mature at different rates
3) Diesease/Pest pressure: alters composition of
fruit
4) Vine balance: carbohydrate demands of vine
versus fruit level of photosynthesis
Berry composition at harvest - answer Sugar: 200
g/L
Organic Acids: 10
Amino Acids: 5
Phenolics: 2-5
Volatiles: trace
Water 800
Sugars - answer Sucrose is circulating product of
photosynthesis. Cleaved to produce glucose and
fructose in the berry after veraison. Pentoses ->
may be metabolized by Brett
, Malate - answer From TCA cycle. Used for energy
generation.
Tartrate - answer Accumulates in vacuole. From
ascorbic acid and 5-ketoglutarate.
Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) - answer High
GABA indicates fruit was held at high temperatures
post-harvest
Phenolic acids - answer Hydroxycinnamates:
caftaric acid most abundant
Phenolic Compounds - answer Flavanoids
1) Anthocyanins - 3-glucosides of malvidin
2)Flavan-3-ols
catechin most important. Can form dimers - called
procyanidins
Volatile compounds - answer 1) Terpenes - may
have odor, usually found as glycosides. Think
Muscat, Riesling.
2) Methoxypyrazine
Cab sauv, Sauv Blanc
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