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PNR 308 Pediatrics Midterm CH: 13-20, 23-29, 31-32 Questions With Complete Solutions
PNR 308 Pediatrics Midterm CH: 13-20, 23-29, 31-32 Questions With Complete Solutions
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PNR 308 Pediatrics Midterm CH: 13-20, 23-29, 31-32Questions With Complete Solutions
PEDIATRICS: G&D, Nutrition, Adaptations for health care for
each developmental stage (Infant --> Adolescent) Respiratory
Alterations GU and GI Alterations Neuro and MSK Conditions
Cardiac and Blood Conditions
A 16-year-old excitedly tells his parents that he was offered a
part-time job. Which response represents an effective problem-
solving approach for his parents?
a)"We want you to put your earnings in a savings account."
b)"Your studies are too important for you to have a part-time
job."
c)"How do you think you will manage your school work and a
job?"
d)"When we went to high school, academics were the
adolescent's priority." Correct Answers c)"How do you think
you will manage your school work and a job?"
A 3-year-old child has been hospitalized for 2 days. She is
watching the television mounted above her bed. She is
expressionless but does not cry or appear to be in distress. Her
mother calls on the telephone and states that because her child
seems to be adjusted, she may not come in today to visit because
she does not want to "upset her." How should the nurse interpret
the child's behaviour? How should the nurse respond to the
mother? Correct Answers Review the stages of separation
anxiety. The child may be in the detachment phase. She needs to
be brought out of this stage or the parent/infant bond may be
,impaired. Advise the mother to spend as much time as possible
with her child. It is normal for children to cry when parents
leave and this a normal, healthy response. Parents need to be
reassured regarding this.
A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria
and urgency; the nurse recognizes these as signs and symptoms
of:
vesicoureteral reflux.
acute glomerulonephritis.
urinary tract infection.
nephrotic syndrome. Correct Answers UTI
A child comes to the clinic for follow-up after discharge from
the hospital with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. He states
he is excited about returning to school and rejoining his cross-
country team with his friends. His father states he wants his son
to stay home and do more sedentary activities to prevent any
more health problems. What is the best response of the nurse?
Correct Answers Review with the child and father the goal of
normal growth and development with healthy activity.
Encourage the son to accept responsibility for monitoring and
self-care. Review with the son and father blood sugar levels and
trends, dietary patterns, and timing of insulin administration in
relation to exercise. Review the need for blood glucose testing
before, during, and after exercise. Discuss the need for the child
to carry glucagon tablets in his backpack and the need for the
coach to be aware of the child's condition.
,A child develops carditis from rheumatic fever. The nurse
knows that the areas of the heart affected by carditis are the:
Correct Answers heart muscle and the mitral valve.
A child who was diagnosed with Kawasaki disease is discharged
home with directions to take a low-dose aspirin tablet once a
day. The parent states that she heard that aspirin is
contraindicated for use in children and asks if she can substitute
acetaminophen instead. What is the best response of the nurse?
Correct Answers Salicylate therapy (aspirin) is prescribed for
its antithrombus properties (to prevent clot formation), which
acetaminophen (Tylenol) does not have. Although use of aspirin
in children is usually contraindicated, in Kawasaki disease it is
an accepted treatment.
A frightened mother calls the pediatrician's office because her
child swallowed dishwashing detergent. The most appropriate
action is to:
induce vomiting by giving the child syrup of ipecac.
give the child milk to soothe affected mucous membranes.
take the child to the local emergency department.
give the child activated charcoal mixed with juice. Correct
Answers take the child to the local emergency department.
A grade 12 student expresses her concern to the nurse about
taking her college entrance examination. The examination is
given early in the morning, which is when she often feels sleepy
and less alert and has trouble concentrating. She states that she
usually studies hard the night before an examination and tries to
eat a good breakfast on the day of the test. The breakfast usually
, consists of bacon and eggs, a muffin, and chocolate milk. What
is the appropriate response of the nurse? Correct Answers
Discuss the nutritional habits of the adolescent. Explain that
high-fat and high-cholesterol meals are slow to digest because
they divert blood from the brain to the gastrointestinal tract for
digestion, resulting in decreased alertness. Pastries and muffins
increase serotonin in the brain, resulting in a sleep response.
Advising a breakfast of proteins that increase tyrosine (e.g.,
turkey, egg whites, soy) and therefore increase alertness may
help this adolescent. Also, review sleep and rest habits before
test days.
A group of children are observed playing house. Each child is
assigned a specific role as mommy, daddy, or child. At what age
does this type of play typically begin?
a)Between 1 and 2 years old
b)Between 10 and 13 years old
c)Between 3 and 5 years old
d)Between 7 and 10 years old Correct Answers c)Between 3
and 5 years old
A hospitalized toddler was drinking from a cup at home, but
now refuses to drink from anything except his favorite bottle.
This is because the toddler is: Correct Answers Dealing with
the anxiety of hospitalization by regressing.
Hospitalization is frustrating for toddlers. They show their
displeasure when illness restricts satisfaction of their desires. It
is not unusual for a toddler who was drinking from a cup to
refuse it in the hospital.
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