Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 38. Theoretical Models of Personality Development
- Course
- Psychology
- Institution
- Forest Institute Of Professional Psychology
Chapter 38. Theoretical Models of Personality Development
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Chapter 38. Theoretical Models of Personality Development irMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. According to Erikson’s developmental theory, when planning
care for a 47-year-old client, which developmental task should the ab
nurse identify as appropriate for this client?
1. To develop a basic trust in others
2. To achieve a sense of self-confidence and recognition from
others
3. To reflect back on life events to derive pleasure and meaning
4. To achieve established life goals and consider the welfare of
future generations
ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 38, Theoretical Models of Personality
Development
Objective: Discuss the major components of the following
developmental theories: c. Theory of psychosocial development—
Erikson.
Page: 861
Heading: Theory of Psychosocial Development > Erikson’s Stages
of Personality Development; Table 38-3: Stages of Development in
Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory Integrated Processes: Nursing
Process: Assessment
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity Cognitive Level: Application
[Applying] Concept: Growth and Development Difficulty:
Moderate
Feedback ab
1. This is incorrect. An appropriate developmental task for a 47-year-old client is to
achieve established life goals and consider the welfare of future generations. The
client is in Erikson’s “generativity versus stagnation” stage of development. To
develop a basic trust in others is an appropriate developmental task for infancy,
fromabi
2. This is incorrect. An appropriate developmental task for a 47-year-old client is to
achieve established life goals and consider the welfare of future generations. The
client is in Erikson’s “generativity versus stagnation” stage of development. To
achieve a sense of self-confidence and recognition from others is an appropriate ab
developmental task for a school-age individual from 6 to 12 years old. That child
would be in Erikson’s “industry versus inferiority” stage.
3. This is incorrect. An appropriate developmental task for a 47-year-old client is to
achieve established life goals and consider the welfare of future generations. The
ab
client is in Erikson’s “generativity versus stagnation” stage of development. To
reflect back on life events to derive pleasure and meaning is an appropriate
developmental task for old age, from age 65 years to death. That older person would
,Townsen
d PMHN,
10e be in Erikson’s “ego integrity versus despair” stage.
Chapter
4. This is correct. An appropriate developmental task for a 47-year-old client is to ab
38 - ETB
achieve established life goals and consider the welfare of future generations.
The client is in Erikson’s “generativity versus stagnation” stage of development.
CON: Growth and Development
2. A 21-year-old client is admitted to the hospital following a
suicide attempt and states, “No one will ever love a loser like me.”
According to Erikson’s theory of personality development, the
nurse recognizes a deficit in which developmental stage?
1. Trust versus mistrust
2. Initiative versus guilt
3. Intimacy versus isolation
4. Ego integrity versus despair
ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 38, Theoretical Models of Personality
Development
Objective: Discuss the major components of the following
developmental theories: c. Theory of psychosocial development—
Erikson.
Page: 861
Heading: Theory of Psychosocial Development > Erikson’s Stages
Feedback
1. This is incorrect.
of Personality The nurse recognizes
Development; Table a38-3:
deficit Stages
in Erikson’s
of “intimacy
Developmentversus
isolation” stage of development (ages 20 to 30 years). The major developmental task
in Erikson’s Psychosocial
in this stage Theory
is to establish intense, Integrated
lasting Processes:
relationships Nursing
or commitment to another abi
Process: Assessment
person, cause, institution, or creative effort. The major task of the trust versus
mistrust stage (birth to age 18 months) is to develop a basic trust in the mothering
Clientfigure
Need: Psychosocial Integrity Cognitive Level: Application
and to learn to generalize this trust to others.
[Applying] Concept:
2. This is incorrect. The Growth and Development Difficulty:
nurse recognizes a deficit in Erikson’s “intimacy versus
Moderate
abir
isolation” stage of development (ages 20 to 30 years). The major developmental task
in this stage is to establish intense, lasting relationships or commitment to another
person, cause, institution, or creative effort. The major task of the initiative versus
guilt stage (ages 3 to 6 years) is to develop a sense of purpose and the ability to
3. initiate
This is correct. Theandnurse recognizes
direct a deficit inone’s own versus activities.
Erikson’s “intimacy
isolation” stage of development (ages 20 to 30 years). The major developmental task
in this stage is to establish intense, lasting relationships or commitment to another
,Townsen
d PMHN,
10e person, cause, institution, or creative effort.
Chapter
4. This is incorrect. The nurse recognizes a deficit in Erikson’s “intimacy versus ab
38 - ETB
isolation” stage of development (ages 20 to 30 years). The major developmental task
in this stage is to establish intense, lasting relationships or commitment to another
person, cause, institution, or creative effort. The major task of the ego integrity
versus despair stage (ages 65 years to death) is to review one’s life and derive ab
meaning from both positive and negative events while achieving a positive sense of
self.
CON: Growth and Development
3. The nurse observes a 3-year-old client willingly sharing candy
with a sibling. According to Peplau, which psychological stage of
development should the nurse recognize that this child has
completed?
1. Learning to count on others
2. Learning to delay satisfaction
3. Identifying oneself
4. Developing skills in participation
ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 38, Theoretical Models of Personality
Development
Objective: Discuss the major components of the following
developmental theories: g. A
nursing model of interpersonal development—Peplau. Page: 868
Heading: A Nursing Model—Hildegard E. Peplau > Peplau’s
Stages of Personality Development; Table 38-7: Stages of
Development in Peplau’s Interpersonal Theory Integrated
Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity Cognitive Level: Application
[Applying] Concept: Growth and Development Difficulty:
Moderate
Feedback
1. This is incorrect. The child has completed Peplau’s “learning to delay satisfaction”
stage of development, which typically occurs in toddlerhood when one learns the
satisfaction of pleasing others. During the “learning to count on others” stage, a
chiladbi learns to communicate feelings in a way that results in the fulfillment of
comfort
2. needs
This isby the mothering
correct. The childfigure.
has completed Peplau’s “learning to delay satisfaction” stage
of development, which typically occurs in toddlerhood when one learns the
satisfaction of pleasing others. ab
3. This is incorrect. The child has completed Peplau’s “learning to delay satisfaction”
stage of development, which typically occurs in toddlerhood when one learns the
satisfaction of pleasing others. During the “identifying oneself” stage, a child learns
, Townsen
d PMHN,
10e to structure self-concept by observing how others interact with them.
4. This is incorrect. The child has completed Peplau’s learning to delay satisfaction ab
Chapter
stage of development, which typically occurs in toddlerhood when one learns the
38 - ETB
satisfaction of pleasing others. During the “developing skills in participation” stage,
the child develops the capacity to compromise, compete, and cooperate with others.
CON: Growth and Development
4. When a client brings a 9-month-old child to the day-care
center, the child smiles and reaches for the day-care caregiver.
The nurse should recognize that, according to Mahler’s
developmental theory, this child’s development is at which
phase?
1. The autistic phase
2. The symbiotic phase
3. The differentiation subphase of the separation–individuation
phase
4. The rapprochement subphase of the separation–individuation
phase
ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 38, Theoretical Models of Personality
Development
Objective: Discuss the major components of the following
developmental theories: d. Theory of object relations development
—Mahler.
Page: 865
Heading: Theory of Object Relations
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity Cognitive Level: Application
[Applying] Concept: Growth and Development Difficulty:
Moderate
Feedback
1. This is incorrect. The child is in the differentiation subphase of Mahler’s separation–
individuation phase. This subphase begins with the child’s initial physical
movements away from the mothering figure. A primary recognition of separateness abi
commences. The fulfillment of basic needs for survival and comfort is the focus of
the autistic phase, from birth to 1 month old.
2. This is incorrect. The child is in the differentiation subphase of Mahler’s separation–
individuation phase. This subphase begins with the child’s initial physical ab
movements away from the mothering figure. A primary recognition of separateness
commences. During the symbiotic phase, from age 1 month to 5 months, the child
views the self as an extension of the mother.
3. This is correct. The child is in the differentiation subphase of Mahler’s separation–
individuation phase. This subphase begins with the child’s initial physical ab
movements away from the mothering figure. A primary recognition of
separateness commences. This is appropriate for a child age 5 to 10 months.
4. This is incorrect. The client is in the differentiation subphase of Mahler’s
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