NUR 221 Cell Regulation Review Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
Cellular regulation - answer✔✔When all functions within a cell are carried out to maintain
homeostasis
proliferation - answer✔✔Reproduction of new cells from growth or division
differentiation - answer✔✔- Stem cells turn into specific tissues (less specialized cell turns into
more specified cell)
- Gene expression determines the specific type of cell it's going to be
stem cells - answer✔✔Cells that have not undergone differentiation
neoplasia - answer✔✔Abnormal multiplication of cells leading to neoplasm
neoplasm - answer✔✔Abnormal tissue growth (tumor)
liver - answer✔✔organ that makes and stores glucose
pancreas - answer✔✔organ that makes insulin
glycogen - answer✔✔If body is not getting enough sugar, the liver uses up ________________.
type 1 diabetes - answer✔✔- Body (pancreas) does not make insulin
- Seen more in children
- Beta cells inside pancreas are destroyed
- *Requires* insulin therapy
- Can NOT be prevented, usually a genetic issue
- Happens suddenly
type 2 diabetes - answer✔✔- Body does not make enough insulin OR body's cells
are resistant to it
- Exercise and lifestyle changes are crucial for these patients
- Patients are usually on Metformin (oral antidiabetics)
- Happens later in life
- Symptoms happen more gradually
muscle - answer✔✔_____________ tissue uses up more insulin than adipose tissue.
- diarrhea
- weight loss
- kidney issues
May need to inform HCP to cut down dosage so body can adjust to side effects -
answer✔✔What are 3 common side effects of metformin?
so we can have a better control of their glucose - answer✔✔Why do type 2 diabetics get insulin
while in the hospital even if they don't take it at home?
Actose or Glipizide - answer✔✔What are other oral antidiabetics other than Metformin?
signs and symptoms of diabetes - answer✔✔- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Increased hunger
- Unintended weight loss
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Delayed healing
- Frequent infections (yeast infections)
- Darkened skin around neck and underarms
- Weight, age (greater than 45)
- Fat distribution
- Race (American Indian/Alaskan natives are most prone, and then Hispanics and African
Americans, then Caucasians)
- Gestational diabetes
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