HMX biochemistry Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions
6 views 0 purchase
Course
HMX
Institution
HMX
HMX biochemistry Exam Study Guide
with Complete Solutions
activation energy - Answer️️ -energy needed to get a reaction started
Delta G (change in G - change in free energy) - Answer️️ -respresented in
a reaction coordinate diagram. Positive is thermodynamically unfavorable.
Negative i...
HMX biochemistry Exam Study Guide
with Complete Solutions
activation energy - Answer✔️✔️-energy needed to get a reaction started
Delta G (change in G - change in free energy) - Answer✔️✔️-respresented in
a reaction coordinate diagram. Positive is thermodynamically unfavorable.
Negative is thermodynamically favorable (exergonic - release energy). =
G(products) - G(reactants)
enzyme inhibition - Answer✔️✔️-results in decrease in activity of that
enzyme, reaising activation enregy of reaction it catalyzes
enzyme activation - Answer✔️✔️-results in increase in activity of that
enzyme, lowering activation energy of reaction it catalyzes
equilibrium - Answer✔️✔️-when rate of forward and reverse reactions are
same. Concentration of products and reactants don't change appreciably
over time but reaction is going. On average, same # of A + B reactions and
C splitting reactions occurring a given period of time
Gibbs' Free Energy (G) - Answer✔️✔️-property of a molecule that reflects its
capacity to do work. Determined by potential energy stored in chemical
bonds and concentration/physical parameters (temperature)
glycolysis - Answer✔️✔️-central pathway in breakdown of carbs for energy.
Series of 10 reactions. 1 glucose --> 2 pyruvate. - change in G of whole
pathway but some reactions have positive change in G. Net formation of 2
ATP and 2 NADH for each glucose
isomerization - Answer✔️✔️-one molecule is transformed into another
molecule which has exactly the same atoms, but atoms have a different
arrangement. ABC --> BAC. Chemical formula doesn't change but atoms
are rearranged.
Kinase - Answer✔️✔️-enzymes that catalyze reactions in which a molecule is
phosphorylated. Ex. Hexokinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose.
Phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1) catalyzes phosphorylation of
phosphofructose (Fructose 6-phosphate)
Le Chatelier's principle - Answer✔️✔️-when a system is initially at
equilibrium, then perturbed away from equilibrium, it will counteract the
perturbation to move back towards equilibrium (change in G not equal to
0), either forward or reverse reaction is more thermodynamically favorable.
Low activation energy
negative feedback - Answer✔️✔️-results of some process serve to counteract
that process. maintains a variable in a narrow range at homeostasis.
net reaction - Answer✔️✔️-sum total of all chemical changes that occur if
molecules are consumed in one reaction but produced in another in equal
quantity, they aren't included
phosphatase - Answer✔️✔️-enzymes that remove phosphates from
molecules
products - Answer✔️✔️-substance formed as a result of chemical reaction.
Right
reactants - Answer✔️✔️-starting materials for a reaction. Undergo a chemical
change. Left
reaction coordinate diagram - Answer✔️✔️-tells whether reaction is
thermodynamically favorable or unfavorable
adenosine diphosphate (ADP) - Answer✔️✔️-adenosine & 2 phosphate
groups
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - Answer✔️✔️-energy currency of life, high
energy molecule that stores energy we need to do anything. Universal unit
of energy exhange
glucose - Answer✔️✔️-simple sugar which is an important energy source in
living organisms. Component of many carbs. Reactant of glycolysis.
NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide - Answer✔️✔️-coenzyme in all
living cells. Required for fundamental biological processes. Oxidized form
NADH - Answer✔️✔️-reduced form. Shuttle for electrons during cellular
respiration. universal unit of energy exchange
Pyruvate - Answer✔️✔️-2 formed by glycolysis. Inhibit/Regulate PFK-1
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller SophiaBennett. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
