©THEBRIGHT EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/22/2024 12:54 PM
Straighterline Religion 101 Final Exam
Questions And Correct Answers
Religions manifest eight possible elements: belief system, community, central myths, ritual,
ethics, characteristic emotional experiences, material expression, and - answer✔✔Sacredness
The belief that all is divine is called - answer✔✔pantheism
__________________ argues that the existence of God cannot be proven. -
answer✔✔Agnosticism
Anthropologist ___________ believed that religion was rooted in spirit worship. - answer✔✔E.
B. Tylor
___________ theorized that belief in a God or gods arises from the long-lasting impressions
made on adults by their childhood experiences. - answer✔✔Sigmund Freud
Rudolf Otto argued that religions emerge when people experience that aspect of reality which is
essentially mysterious; while ___________ believed that religion was a noble human response to
the complexity and depth of reality. - answer✔✔Carl Gustav Jung
Religions express truth ___________. For example, water can represent spiritual cleansing; the
sun, health; a mountain, strength; and a circle, eternity. - answer✔✔symbolically
In early religions, the most significant female deity was particularly associated with
___________ and motherhood and has been known by many names, such as Asherah, Aphrodite,
and Freia. - answer✔✔fertility
When we look at the world's dominant religions, we see three basic orientations in their
conceptions and location of the sacred: sacramental, prophetic, and ___________. -
answer✔✔mystical
As an academic discipline, the field of religious studies is now more than ___________ years
old. - answer✔✔200
Although there is no agreement on how to speak of ancient religious ways, they are often
inadequately referred to as traditional, aboriginal, indigenous, tribal, ___________, primal,
native, oral, and basic. - answer✔✔nonliterate
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/22/2024 12:54 PM
Indigenous religions exist generally within ___________ cultures, in which every object and act
may have religious meaning. - answer✔✔holistic
In many Native American religious traditions, there is little distinction between the human and
animal worlds. These native religions see everything in the universe as being alive, a concept
known as ___________. - answer✔✔animism
Sacred time is "the time of ___________." Among the Koyukon people of the Arctic, it is called
"distant time," and it is the holy ancient past in which gods lived and worked. Among Australian
Aborigines it is often called Dreamtime, and it is the subject of much of their highly esteemed
art. - answer✔✔eternity
___________ is the doorway through which the "other world" of gods and ancestors can contact
us and we can contact them. It is associated with the center of the universe and can be
constructed, often in a symbolic shape such as a circle or square. - answer✔✔Sacred space
Most indigenous religions have cosmic tales of their ___________. They frequently speak of a
High God and make little distinction between a god and an ancestor. - answer✔✔origins
In native societies, everyday religious activity and practice are significant, because their primary
purpose is often to place individuals, families, and groups in "right ___________" with gods,
ancestors, other human beings, and nature. - answer✔✔relationships
Special rituals mark a person's entry into adulthood. In Native American religions, a common
ritual of early maturity is the "vision quest," or "___________." - answer✔✔dream quest
A ___________ is a rule that forbids specific behavior with regard to certain objects, people,
animals, days, or phases of life. - answer✔✔taboo
A(n) ___________ acts as an intermediary between the visible, ordinary world and the spirit
world. - answer✔✔shaman
The culture that flourished in the Indus River valley before 2000 bce is named the ___________
culture. - answer✔✔Harappa
The ancient scriptures of India are called the ___________. There are four basic text collections:
the Rig, the Yajur, the Sama, and the Atharva. - answer✔✔Vedas
round 500 bce, Indian civilization experienced such widespread and important changes that the
period is called the ___________ Age. - answer✔✔Axis
In the Upanishads, the term ___________ refers to the experience of the sacred within nature and
the external universe, while ___________ refers to the experience of the sacred within oneself.
Both terms may be used interchangeably. - answer✔✔Brahman; Atman
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM STUDY SOLUTIONS 8/22/2024 12:54 PM
The ___________ is part of a very long epic poem called the Mahabharata; it recalls themes
from the Upanishads. - answer✔✔Bhagavad Gita
Hinduism has a(n) ___________ system with five main social classes: brahmin (priest),
kshatriya (warrior-noble), vaishya (merchant), shudra (peasant), and dalit (untouchable). -
answer✔✔caste
The word yoga means "___________." - answer✔✔union
Shankara's belief that spiritual liberation was achieved when the individual personally came to
understand the unity of all things is called ___________. - answer✔✔monism
When linked together, Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva are often called the ___________. -
answer✔✔Trimurti
Mohandas Gandhi's use of ___________ techniques, including marches, hunger strikes, talks,
demonstrations, and publicity, was adopted by Martin Luther King Jr. to help protest racial
segregation in the United States. - answer✔✔nonviolent
Siddhartha's encounters with an old man, a sick man, a corpse, and a wandering holy man, which
prompted him to leave his luxurious and carefree life, are called the ___________. -
answer✔✔Four Passing Sights
After Siddhartha spent an entire night meditating under a full moon, he finally achieved insight
into release from suffering and rebirth. Buddhists believe that he reached a profound
understanding, called his___________. - answer✔✔enlightenment
At the core of what is generally regarded as basic___________ are the Three Jewels: the
Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. - answer✔✔Buddhism
According to Buddhism, reality manifests three characteristics: constant change, lack of
permanent identity, and the existence of ___________. - answer✔✔suffering
According to a view common to all forms of Buddhism, reality manifests constant change. This
view is the foundation for the___________ and the___________. - answer✔✔Four Noble
Truths, Noble Eightfold Path
In Buddhism, as in Hinduism,___________ suggest(s) decay and pain. - answer✔✔samsara
Liberation from decay and pain is called___________. - answer✔✔nirvana
The key notions of ___________ Buddhism are trikaya (the "three-body doctrine"), shunyata
("emptiness"), and tathata ("thatness"). - answer✔✔Mahayana
In ___________ Buddhist countries, one great celebration (Vesak) recalls the birth, the
enlightenment, and the death of Buddha. It is celebrated at the time of the full moon in May. -
answer✔✔Theravada
