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EMT FISDAP Exam 1/46 questions and Answers (EMT FISDAP Exam 1 Airway)
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EMT FISDAP Exam 1/46 questions and Answers (EMT FISDAP Exam 1 Airway)
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EMT FISDAP Exam 1/46 questions andAnswers (EMT FISDAP Exam 1 Airway)
Who is COPD commonly found in? - -COPD is most commonly a problem of
middle-aged or older patients. This is because these disorders ordinarily take
time to develop as tissues in the respiratory tract react to irritants.
-What causes COPD - -Cigarette smoking causes the overwhelming majority
of cases of COPD. Occasionally, other irritants such as chemicals, air
pollutants, or repeated infections cause this condition.
-What happens to the body with chronic bronchitis? - -In chronic bronchitis,
the bronchiole lining is inflamed and excess mucus is formed. The cells in the
bronchioles that normally clear away accumulations of mucus are not able to
do so. The sweeping apparatus on these cells, the cilia, has been damaged
or destroyed.
-What happens to the lungs with emphysema? - -In emphysema, the walls
of the alveoli break down, greatly reducing the surface area for respiratory
exchange. The lungs begin to lose elasticity. These factors combine to allow
stale air laden with carbon dioxide to be trapped in the lungs, reducing the
effectiveness of normal breathing efforts.
-Why does a COPD patient call 911 typically? - -Usually the reason a COPD
patient calls the ambulance is that a recent upper respiratory infection has
caused an acute worsening of chronic disease.
-What can cause an asthma attack? - -Attacks can be precipitated by insect
stings, air pollutants, infection, strenuous exercise, or emotional stress.
-What happens to the body during an asthma attack? - -When an asthma
attack occurs, the small bronchioles that lead to the air sacs of the lungs
become narrowed because of contractions of the muscles that make up the
airway. To complicate matters, there is an overproduction of thick mucus.
-Albuterol: - -a medication that dilates the bronchial passageways by
engaging beta receptors associated with the sympathetic nervous system. It
is relatively fast-acting and is generally the first line of therapy in a
bronchoconstricted patient.
-Ipratopium Bromide: - -a bronchodilator that accomplishes its goal by
blocking bronchoconstriction associated with the parasympathetic nervous
system. It is an anticholinergic medication. Ipratropium has a slower onset
compared with albuterol, and also lasts longer.
, -DuoNeb™: - -a formulation that combines both albuterol and ipratropium
bromide. It therefore provides bronchodilation through beta stimulation and
by blocking parasympathetic bronchoconstriction. This mix of medication is
often used as a first-line agent to treat bronchoconstriction.
-Neb/Inhaler side effects - -Patients may experience an increased pulse
rate, tremors, nervousness, or a "jittery" feeling.
-Inhaler medications: - -Examples of these medications include albuterol
(Ventolin® HFA, Proventil®, Volmax®) and levalbuterol (Xopenex®).
-What are wheezes - -Wheezes are high-pitched sounds that will seem
almost musical in nature. The sound is created by air moving through
narrowed air passages in the lungs. It can be heard in a variety of diseases
but is common in asthma and sometimes in chronic obstructive lung
diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Wheezing is most
commonly heard during expiration.
-What type of lung sounds do you expect to hear with an emphysema
patient? - -Wheezes are high-pitched sounds that will seem almost musical
in nature. The sound is created by air moving through narrowed air passages
in the lungs. It can be heard in a variety of diseases but is common in
asthma and sometimes in chronic obstructive lung diseases such as
emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Wheezing is most commonly heard
during expiration.
-What are crackles? - -Crackles are (as the name indicates) a fine crackling
or bubbling sound heard on inspiration in the lower airway. The sound is
caused by fluid in the alveoli or by the opening of closed alveoli. Some
people refer to crackles as rales.
-What are rhonchi? - -Rhonchi are lower-pitched sounds that resemble
snoring or rattling. They are caused by secretions in larger airways, as might
be seen with pneumonia or bronchitis, or when materials are aspirated
(breathed) into the lungs. The difference between crackles and rhonchi is not
always obvious and is somewhat subjective. However, rhonchi generally are
louder than crackles.
-What is stridor? - -Stridor is a high-pitched sound that is heard on
inspiration. It is an upper airway sound indicating partial obstruction of the
trachea or larynx. Stridor is usually audible without a stethoscope.
-emphysema SIGNS AND symptums - -Frequent coughing or wheezing
A cough that produces a lot mucus
Shortness of breath, especially with physical activity
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