SUCCESS! Chapter 1: Clinical Chemistry exam with correct answers 2024
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SUCCESS! Chapter 1: Clinical Ch
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SUCCESS! Chapter 1: Clinical Ch
Which of the following lamps provides a continuous spectrum of radiant energy in the visible, near IR, and near UV regions of the spectrum?
A. Tungsten-filament
B. Hydrogen
C. Deuterium
D. Mercury Vapor correct answers A. Tungsten-filament
Which of the following isolates light within a na...
SUCCESS! Chapter 1: Clinical Chemistry
Questions
Which of the following lamps provides a continuous spectrum of radiant energy in the
visible, near IR, and near UV regions of the spectrum?
A. Tungsten-filament
B. Hydrogen
C. Deuterium
D. Mercury Vapor correct answers A. Tungsten-filament
Which of the following isolates light within a narrow region of the spectrum?
A. Photomultiplier tube
B. Monochromator
C. Photovoltaic cell
D. Detector correct answers B. Monochromator
Which of the following is not descriptive of a photomultiplier tube?
A. Emits electrons proportionally to initial light absorbed
B. Must be shielded from stray light
C. Cannot be used with a chopper
D. Amplifies the initial signal received correct answers C. Cannot be used with a
chopper
Which of the following is false about a photomultiplier tube?
A. Converts radiant energy (light) to electrical energy (current)
B. Amplifies the current significantly
C. Has a very rapid response time
D. Is composed of an iron plate and a layer of selenium correct answers D. Is
composed of an iron plate and a layer of selenium
Which type of photodetector employs a linear arrangement that allows it to respond to a
specific wavelength resulting in complete UV/visible spectrum analysis?
A. Photomultiplier tube
B. Phototube
C. Barrier layer cell
D. Photodiode array correct answers D. Photodiode array
,When performing spectrophotometer quality assurance checks, what is the holmium
oxide glass filter used to assess?
A. Linearity
B. Stray light
C. Absorbance accuracy
D. Wavelength accuracy correct answers D. Wavelength accuracy
In spectrophotometric analysis, what is the purpose of the reagent blank?
A. Correct for interfering chromogens
B. Correct for lipemia
C. Correct for protein
D. Correct for color contribution of the reagents correct answers D. Correct for color
contribution of the reagents
In regard to bichromatic analysis, which of the following is false?
A. Absorbance is measured at the spectral absorbance peak for a blank and the sample
using the same wavelength.
B. Eliminates background interferences
C. Sample concentration determined from difference in two measured absorbances
D. Functions as a reference blank for each sample correct answers A. Absorbance is
measured at the spectral absorbance peak for a blank and the sample using the same
wavelength.
The bandpass of a spectrophotometer is 10 nm. If an instrument is set at 540 nm, the
wavelengths that are permitted to impinge on the sample will be within what wavelength
range?
A. 530-540 nm
B. 530-550 nm
C. 535-545 nm
D. 540-550 nm correct answers C. 535-545 nm
Which of the following formulas is an expression of the Beer-Lambert law that is
routinely applied to spectrophotometric analysis?
A. Aᵤ X (Cs/As) = Cᵤ
B. Cᵤ X (Cs/As) = Aᵤ
C. As X (Cs/Cᵤ) = Aᵤ
D. A = 2 - log %T correct answers A. Aᵤ X (Cs/As) = Cᵤ
In spectrophotometry, which of the
following is a mathematical expression of the relationship between absorbance and
transmittance?
,A. A = abc
B. (Aᵤ/Cᵤ) = (As/Cs)
C. A = 2 - log %T
D. A = log %T correct answers C. A = 2 - log %T
Which of the following is not a problem inherent in turbidimetry?
A. Variation in particle size of samples
B. Variation in particle size of standards
C. Rate of aggregation or settling of particles
D. Need to maintain a constant and specific temperature correct answers D. Need to
maintain a constant and specific temperature
Which of the following may be associated with reflectance spectrophotometry as it
relates to the dry reagent slide technique?
A. Light projected to the slide at 180-degree angle
B. Dye concentration directly proportional to reflectance
C. Unabsorbed, reflected light detected by photodetector
D. Reflectance values are linearly proportional to transmission values correct answers
C. Unabsorbed, reflected light detected by photodetector
Fluorometers are designed so that the path of the exciting light is at a right angle to the
path of the emitted light. What is the purpose of this design?
A. Prevent loss of emitted light
B. Prevent loss of the excitation light
C. Focus emitted and excitation light upon the detector
D. Prevent excitation light from reaching the detector correct answers D. Prevent
excitation light from reaching the detector
Which of the following represents a primary advantage of performing fluorometric over
absorption spectroscopic methods of analysis?
A. Increased specificity and increased sensitivity
B. Increased specificity and decreased sensitivity
C. Purity of reagents used not as critical
D. Ease of performing assays correct answers A. Increased specificity and increased
sensitivity
Which of the following may be associated with fluorescence polarization?
A. Plane-polarized light is used for sample excitation.
B. Small molecular complexes show a greater amount of polarization.
C. It is a heterogeneous technique employed in fluorophore-ligand immunoassays.
, D. Polarized light detected is directly proportional to concentration of ligand in sample.
correct answers A. Plane-polarized light is used for sample excitation.
Which of the following may be associated with bioluminescence?
A. Light emission produced due to enzymatic oxidation of a substrate
B. Less sensitive than direct fluorescent assays
C. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy
D. Employs a radioactive label correct answers A. Light emission produced due to
enzymatic oxidation of a substrate
Nephelometry is based on the measurement of light that is
A. Absorbed by particles in suspension
B. Scattered by particles in suspension
C. Produced by fluorescence
D. Produced by excitation of ground-state atoms correct answers B. Scattered by
particles in suspension
Which of the following instruments is used in the clinical laboratory or in reference
laboratories to detect beta and gamma emissions?
A. Fluorometer
B. Nephelometer
C. Scintillation counter
D. Spectrophotometer correct answers C. Scintillation counter
Which of the following best describes chemiluminescence?
A. Electron excitation caused by radiant energy
B. Enzymatic oxidation of a substrate produces light emission
C. Chemical energy excites electrons that emit light upon return to ground state
D. Employs a fluorescent label that produces light correct answers C. Chemical energy
excites electrons that emit light upon return to ground state
In assaying an analyte with a single-beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer, what
is the instrument actually measuring?
A. Intensity of light emitted by the analyte on its return to the ground state
B. Intensity of light that the analyte absorbs from the hollow-cathode lamp
C. Intensity of light that the analyte absorbs from the flame
D. Intensity of the beam from the hollow-cathode lamp after it has passed through the
analyte-containing flame correct answers D. Intensity of the beam from the hollow-
cathode lamp after it has passed through the analyte-containing flame
What is the function of the flame in atomic absorption spectroscopy?
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