Summary Global Interdependence Theory and Case Studies
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Course
Unit 3 - Advanced Human Options (9696)
Institution
CIE
Book
Geography for Cambridge International AS
A clear and detailed revision guide, with relevant case studies covering:
- Trade
- Debt and debt relief
- International Aid
- Tourism
Tailored towards CIE A-level, but will help with any A-level geography course.
Tourism
Key words
Multiplier effect
→ tourism not only creates jobs in the tertiary sector, it encourages growth in the primary
(farming) and secondary (manufacturing souvenirs) sectors
→ increases the number of times money spent by a tourist circulates through the country’s
economy
Economic leakage
→ when revenue generated by tourism is lost to other countries’ economies, it may be so
significant that it partially neutralises the money generated by tourism (eg 70% in Thailand)
→ tour operators, hotels, imported foods that are foreign owned/produced
→ tourist taxes can get around this (eg Spain)
Carrying capacity
→ the max number of people that can visit a tourist destination at the same time without causing
the destruction of the physical, economic, and socio-cultural environment or an unacceptable
decrease in the quality of visitor satisfaction
Why has tourism increased?
demand factors (more disposable income, more paid leave, living longer – grey tourism, cheaper
holidays)
supply factors (more charter flights, package holidays)
facilitating factors (electronic communication, advertising, media, globalisation, education –
language module in KS3)
Butler Resort Life Cycle Model
1. Exploration
the place gets very few tourists
small groups of people discover it as a holiday destination and tell their friends about it
these people start to go there as well
eg Bhutan
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