NUR1211 EXAM 2 | Medical Surgical
Exam | Questions and Answers with
Rationale | Answered and Graded A+ |
Latest 2024
A patient has a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and the primary care
provider has now prescribed cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). The nurses
subsequent assessments should address what potential adverse effect?
A) Infection
B) Acute confusion
C) Sedation
D) Malignant hyperthermia
- Correct Answer - When administering immunosuppressives such as
Cytoxan, the nurse should be alert to manifestations of bone marrow
suppression and infection.
A clinic nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with fibromyalgia.
When developing a care plan for this patient, what would be a priority
nursing diagnosis for this patient?
A) Impaired Urinary Elimination Related to Neuropathy
B) Altered Nutrition Related to Impaired Absorption
C) Disturbed Sleep Pattern Related to CNS Stimulation
D) Fatigue Related to Pain
- Correct Answer - D) Fatigue Related to Pain
,Rationale: Fibromyalgia is characterized by fatigue, generalized muscle
aching, and stiffness.
A nurse is assessing a patient for risk factors known to contribute to
osteoarthritis. What assessment finding would the nurse interpret as a risk
factor?
A) The patient has a 30 pack-year smoking history.
B) The patients body mass index is 34 (obese).
C) The patient has primary hypertension.
D) The patient is 58 years old.
- Correct Answer - B) The patients body mass index is 34 (obese).
Rationale Risk factors for osteoarthritis include obesity and previous joint
damage. Risk factors of OA do not include smoking or hypertension.
A patient is undergoing diagnostic testing to determine the etiology of
recent joint pain. The patient asks the nurse about the difference between
osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). What is the best response
by the nurse?
A) OA is a considered a noninflammatory joint disease. RA is characterized
by inflamed, swollen joints.
B) OA and RA are very similar. OA affects the smaller joints such as the
fingers, and RA affects the larger, weight-bearing joints like the knees.
C) OA originates with an infection. RA is a result of your body's cells
attacking one another.
D) OA is associated with impaired immune function; RA is a consequence
of physical damage.
,- Correct Answer - A) OA is a considered a noninflammatory joint disease.
RA is characterized by inflamed, swollen joints.
Rationale OA is a degenerative arthritis with a noninflammatory etiology,
characterized by the loss of cartilage on the articular surfaces of weight-
bearing joints, with spur development.
A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is preparing for
discharge. The nurse knows that the patient has understood health
education when the patient makes what statement?
A) I’ll make sure I get enough exposure to sunlight to keep up my vitamin D
levels.
B) I’ll try to be as physically active as possible between flare-ups.
C) I’ll make sure to monitor my body temperature on a regular basis.
D) I’ll stop taking my steroids when I get relief from my symptoms.
- Correct Answer - C) Ill make sure to monitor my body temperature on a
regular basis.
Rationale Fever can signal an exacerbation and should be reported to the
physician. Sunlight and other sources of ultraviolet light may precipitate
severe skin reactions and exacerbate the disease.
A patient with an exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has
been hospitalized on the medical unit. The nurse observes that the patient
expresses anger and irritation when her call bell isn't answered
immediately. What would be the most appropriate response?
A) You seem like you're feeling angry. Is that something that we could talk
about?
B) Try to remember that stress can make your symptoms worse.
, C) Would you like to talk about the problem with the nursing supervisor?
D) I can see you're angry. Ill come back when you've calmed down. -
Correct Answer - A) You seem like you're feeling angry. Is that something
that we could talk about?
Rationale The changes and the unpredictable course of SLE necessitate
expert assessment skills and nursing care, as well as sensitivity to the
psychological reactions of the patient. Offering to listen to the patient
express anger can help the nurse and the patient understand its cause and
begin to deal with it.
A nurse is caring for a 78-year-old patient with a history of osteoarthritis
(OA). When planning the patients care, what goal should the nurse
include?
A) The patient will express satisfaction with her ability to perform ADLs.
B) The patient will recover from OA within 6 months.
C) The patient will adhere to the prescribed plan of care.
D) The patient will deny signs or symptoms of OA.
- Correct Answer - A) The patient will express satisfaction with her ability
to perform ADLs.
Rationale Pain management and optimal functional ability are major goals
of nursing interventions for OA. Cure is not a possibility and it is unrealistic
to expect a complete absence of signs and symptoms. Adherence to the
plan of care is highly beneficial, but this is not the priority goal of care.
A patient who has been newly diagnosed with systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE) has been admitted to the medical unit. Which of the
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