ABA503 - Chapter 9: Choice & Preference
an explanation of how organisms come to produce matching on concurrent schedules of
reinforcement - ANS-melioration
when two or more concurrent-interval schedules are available, the relative rate of response
matches (or equals) the relative rate of reinforcement - ANS-matching law
when changes in the response ratio are less than changes in the reinforcement ratio. this
outcome occurs because relative behavior increases slower than predicted from relative rate of
reinforcement - ANS-undermatching
all non-programmed sources of reinforcement that regulate alternative behavior reducing the
control of behavior on a specified schedule of reinforcement - ANS-extraneous sources of
reinforcement
in this economic view of behavior, humans and other animals are like organic computers that
compare their behavioral distributions with overall outcomes and eventually stabilize on a
response distribution that maximizes overall rate of reinforcement - ANS-maximization
the distribution of operant behavior among alternative sources of reinforcement - ANS-choice
when changes in the response ratio are larger than changes in the ratio of reinforcement. this
outcome occurs because relative behavior increases faster than predicted from relative rate of
reinforcement - ANS-overmatching
on a concurrent schedule, a changeover is a response that an organism emits when it switches
from one alternative to another - ANS-changeover response
the present value of a reinforcer is reduced as a function of delay - ANS-delay discounting
when a person (or other animal) selects the smaller, immediate payoff over the larger, delayed
benefits - ANS-impulsive behavior
when several schedules of reinforcement are available concurrently, one alternative is chosen
more frequently than others - ANS-preference
this occurs when a person emits a response that affects the probability of subsequent behavior,
giving up immediate gains for greater long-term benefits, or accepting immediate costs for later
rewards - ANS-self-control behavior
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