MTEL FOUNDATIONS OF READING
Decoding - Answers -Process of converting printed words into their spoken forms by
using knowledge of letter-sound correspondences and word structure.
Decodable Texts - Answers -Coherent texts in which most of the words are comprised
of an accumulating sequence of letter-sound correspondences that students have
learned and are learning.
Graphophonemic Knowledge - Answers -Knowledge of letters and letter combinations
and the sounds that represent them.
Instructional Level - Answers -Reading level in which no more than 1 in 10 words is
difficult for the reader (with good comprehension)
Irregular Words - Answers -Words in which some or all of the letters do not represent
thier most common sounds.
Morphemes - Answers -Smallest meaningful units of language.
Orthography - Answers -Writing system of language.
Phonics - Answers -The study and use of symbol-sound (grapheme-phoneme)
relationships to help students identify words.
Rime - Answers -The part of a syllable that includes the vowel and what follows it.
Sight Words - Answers -Words that are recognized immediately.
Sounding Out - Answers -Process of saying each sound that represents a letter(s) in a
word and blending the sounds together to read the word.
Syllable - Answers -Unit of pronunciation that is organized around a vowel.
Letter Combinations - Answers -Groups of consecutive letters that represent a particular
sound or sound in words.
Open Syllable - Answers -Example: Rolo
Divide by Syllables, ends in vowel, no consonant closing.
Closed Syllable - Answers -Example: Skittles / Twix
Vowel closed in, Vowels make the short sound.
Consonant - LE - Answers -Examples: Skittles
Dipthong - Answers -Example: Mounds
, Morphemic Analysis - Answers -Students apply their knowledge of root words and
affixes (prefixes at the beginning of the word and suffixes at the end of the word) to
identify an unfamiliar word. First they "peel off" any prefixes or suffixes and identify the
root word, they they add the affixes.
Phonological Awareness Umbrella - Answers -Rhyme, Alliteration, Sentence
Segmentation, Syllable Awareness, Onset & Rime, Phonemic Awareness.
Phonemic Awareness Umbrella - Answers -Blending, Segmenting, Manipulating,
Adding, Deleting, Substituting.
Analogy - Answers -Resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike -
The Royals are the movie stars of Britain.
Metaphor - Answers -A figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one
kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest likeness between them.
"She is a tiger when she is angry."
Symbolism - Answers -The art or practice of using symbols, a system of symbols or
representations.
Simile - Answers -A figure of speech comparing two unlike things that is often
introduced by using like or as "She is as fierce as a tiger"
Style - Answers -Distinctive manner of expression, includes tone.
Hyperbole - Answers -Extravagant exaggeration " mile high ice cream cones"
Personification - Answers -(1)The representation of a thing or idea as a person or by the
human form. (2) An imaginary being thought of as representing a thing or an idea.
Plot - Answers -Sequence of events involving characters in conflict situations
Main Idea - Answers -Broad idea, message or moral of a story.
Comprehension - Answers -The process of constructing meaning using both the
suthor's text and the reader's background knowledge for specific purpose.
Literal Comprehension - Answers -(Basic Level) Readers pick out main ideas, sequence
details, notice similarities and differences, and identify explicitly stated reasons.
Inferential Comprehension - Answers -(2nd Level) Readers use clues in the text, implied
information, and their background knowledge to draw inferences. They make
predictions, recognize cause and effect and determine the author's purpose.
Decoding - Answers -Process of converting printed words into their spoken forms by
using knowledge of letter-sound correspondences and word structure.
Decodable Texts - Answers -Coherent texts in which most of the words are comprised
of an accumulating sequence of letter-sound correspondences that students have
learned and are learning.
Graphophonemic Knowledge - Answers -Knowledge of letters and letter combinations
and the sounds that represent them.
Instructional Level - Answers -Reading level in which no more than 1 in 10 words is
difficult for the reader (with good comprehension)
Irregular Words - Answers -Words in which some or all of the letters do not represent
thier most common sounds.
Morphemes - Answers -Smallest meaningful units of language.
Orthography - Answers -Writing system of language.
Phonics - Answers -The study and use of symbol-sound (grapheme-phoneme)
relationships to help students identify words.
Rime - Answers -The part of a syllable that includes the vowel and what follows it.
Sight Words - Answers -Words that are recognized immediately.
Sounding Out - Answers -Process of saying each sound that represents a letter(s) in a
word and blending the sounds together to read the word.
Syllable - Answers -Unit of pronunciation that is organized around a vowel.
Letter Combinations - Answers -Groups of consecutive letters that represent a particular
sound or sound in words.
Open Syllable - Answers -Example: Rolo
Divide by Syllables, ends in vowel, no consonant closing.
Closed Syllable - Answers -Example: Skittles / Twix
Vowel closed in, Vowels make the short sound.
Consonant - LE - Answers -Examples: Skittles
Dipthong - Answers -Example: Mounds
, Morphemic Analysis - Answers -Students apply their knowledge of root words and
affixes (prefixes at the beginning of the word and suffixes at the end of the word) to
identify an unfamiliar word. First they "peel off" any prefixes or suffixes and identify the
root word, they they add the affixes.
Phonological Awareness Umbrella - Answers -Rhyme, Alliteration, Sentence
Segmentation, Syllable Awareness, Onset & Rime, Phonemic Awareness.
Phonemic Awareness Umbrella - Answers -Blending, Segmenting, Manipulating,
Adding, Deleting, Substituting.
Analogy - Answers -Resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike -
The Royals are the movie stars of Britain.
Metaphor - Answers -A figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one
kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest likeness between them.
"She is a tiger when she is angry."
Symbolism - Answers -The art or practice of using symbols, a system of symbols or
representations.
Simile - Answers -A figure of speech comparing two unlike things that is often
introduced by using like or as "She is as fierce as a tiger"
Style - Answers -Distinctive manner of expression, includes tone.
Hyperbole - Answers -Extravagant exaggeration " mile high ice cream cones"
Personification - Answers -(1)The representation of a thing or idea as a person or by the
human form. (2) An imaginary being thought of as representing a thing or an idea.
Plot - Answers -Sequence of events involving characters in conflict situations
Main Idea - Answers -Broad idea, message or moral of a story.
Comprehension - Answers -The process of constructing meaning using both the
suthor's text and the reader's background knowledge for specific purpose.
Literal Comprehension - Answers -(Basic Level) Readers pick out main ideas, sequence
details, notice similarities and differences, and identify explicitly stated reasons.
Inferential Comprehension - Answers -(2nd Level) Readers use clues in the text, implied
information, and their background knowledge to draw inferences. They make
predictions, recognize cause and effect and determine the author's purpose.
