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hydrology past paper questions With 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
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Terms in this set (53)
-Decrease in vegetation means less evapotranspiration, thus more water reaches the ground
surface.
-Less interception leads to more water reaching the surface and possibly more overland flow.
-Reduction in roots, as a result of less vegetation, leads to decrease in infiltration as fewer
Explain why catchment flows change after pathways for water to go.
urbanisation? -Impermeable surfaces, a result of urbanisation, reduces infiltration, increasing overland flow and
directing flows of water through artificial drainage, percolation, throughflow and base flow
reduced.
-Human impacts on flows - abstraction of groundwater reducing groundwater flow, dam
building/drainage systems, associated with urbanisation.
-Related to deposition in meandering river channels.
Describe the formation of a point bar within a -Eroded material from the outside bend is carried across the channel and deposited on the inside
river? bend.
-Where velocity is slower, thus leading to build up of sediment into a point bar or slip off slope.
hydrology past paper questions
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, Candidates can consider a range of factors which influence a storm hydrograph, including
The intensity of precipitation is the most significant drainage basin characteristics, type of precipitation, soil type, and land use. Candidates should
influence on the shape of a storm hydrograph.' evaluate the significance of the intensity of precipitation against other factors. Emphasis should
With the aid of examples, how far do you agree? be on intensity but amount will be a valid discussion point. Characteristics of the storm
hydrograph (lag, peak discharge, rising and falling limbs) need description and explanation.
Describe a riffle and pool sequence in a river -pool is a deeper area of the channel, less turbulent and finer sediment
channel? -riffle is a shallow area of the channel, turbulent and coarse sediment
-Negative impacts can include: loss of vegetation and destruction of habitat, mass movement,
Explain how a river flood can impact the natural pollution of aquatic environments.
(physical) environment? -Positive impacts can include: enrichment of floodplain from nutrients and sediments.
-Creation of landforms, e.g. natural levees, braiding, etc., are also relevant.
-Abstraction can be for agriculture, industry or domestic use. Groundwater is just one component
'Water abstraction by human activities is the main of the drainage basin hydrological system and is related to the other components in the system.
influence on the groundwater store.'? Discussion may include climate and climatic change, seasonality, vegetation, geology (to
facilitate/hinder infiltration and percolation), urbanisation.
-Once the trees are removed, less water is able to be taken up by the trees, or directed into the
soil through the vegetation. The soil becomes quickly saturated and then more water is directed
Explain the reasons for the changes to the as overland flow. This therefore means that run off increases. The removal of trees and plants
catchment flows after deforestation? means that there is less transpiration occurring, as there is less vegetation to contribute to the
process of transpiration. Evaporation also decreases as there are less leaves and vegetation as a
whole on which water can be stored. Therefore evapotranspiration decreases.
-Caused by lateral erosion on the outside of a meander bend
-Where the river flow is greatest
Describe the formation of a river cliff?
-Leading to undercutting of river bank, causing a steep bank
-Related to Helicoidal flow undercutting bank
-Porosity and permeability of soils
-Rock type
Briefly explain two characteristics of a drainage -Relief
basin which influence its drainage density? -Vegetation
-Land use
-Climate
hydrology past paper questions
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