Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 5 Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development
- Course
- Lifespan Development
- Institution
- Texarkana State University
Chapter 5 Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development
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5Student:
1. According to Esther Thelen, motor behaviors are assembled for perceiving and acting. Her theory is
called the theory.
A. bio-psycho-motor
B. dynamic systems
C. bio-behavioral
D. perceptual systems
2. According to the dynamic systems theory, how do infants develop motor skills?
A Infants perceive something new in the environment that motivates them to act. They use their
. perceptions to fine-tune their movements.
B. Motor development comes about through the unfolding of a genetic plan, or maturation.
C. Motor skills are initially influenced by biology but become increasingly dependent on environmental
factors.
D. Infants take bits and pieces of data from sensations and build representations of the world in their
minds.
3. What mechanisms help infants survive before they have an opportunity to learn adaptive behavior?
A. reflexes
B. motor skills
C. vision and hearing
D. dynamic systems
4. Infants root in order to
A. find something to grasp.
B. find something to suck.
C. calm down.
D. go to sleep.
5. Which statement BEST describes the relationship between the rooting and sucking reflexes?
A. Both involve avoiding toxic substances.
B. Rooting involves locating food; sucking involves eating food.
C. Sucking involves eating; rooting involves bonding with a caregiver.
D. Rooting involves grasping a food source; sucking involves locating food.
6. Baby Chloe startles when she hears a loud sound. She arches her back, throws back her head, and flings
out her arms. Which reflex is she demonstrating?
A. sucking
B. Moro
C. rooting
D. grasping
7. Janice strokes the cheek of newborn Robby. He turns his head toward that cheek and opens his mouth.
This is an example of the reflex.
A. sucking
B. Moro
C. rooting
D. grasping
,8. Adaptive, built-in reactions to stimuli are called
A. fine motor skills.
B. gross motor skills.
C. Moro.
D. reflexes.
9. Which reflex enables an infant to obtain nourishment?
A. sucking
B. Moro
C. grasping
D. rooting
10. Which reflex involves many responses from the whole body?
A. sucking
B. rooting
C. Moro
D. grasping
11. The Moro reflex is a response to , whereas the grasping reflex is a response to .
A. sound or movement; touch
B. touch; sound or movement
C. smell; sight
D. sight; smell
12. How long does it take for most infants to establish a sucking style that matches how mothers hold them,
how the milk is coming out of the bottle or breast, and the infant's temperament?
A. one day
B. one week
C. several weeks
D. several months
13. Shawn is 5 years old and sucks his thumb. His mother is worried that thumb sucking will become a
lifelong habit. A developmental psychologist would MOST likely advise Shawn's mother to:
A. keep Shawn at home for another year before entering kindergarten.
B. change her disciplining methods.
C. develop a strict behavior intervention plan.
D. relax because the behavior will most likely remit on its own.
14. Activities that use large muscles develop:
A. the grasping reflex.
B. fine motor skills.
C. gross motor skills.
D. the sucking reflex
15. Baby Karyn has just learned to sit independently. Approximately how old is she?
A. 1 year
B. 3 weeks
C. 2 months
D. 6 months
16. Marta is developing new abilities, such as sitting and standing, but is not yet able to climb or ride on
riding toys. Marta is in her
A. first year.
B. second year.
C. prenatal stage.
D. reflex stage.
,17. Infants normally are able to sit, stand, and walk , and climb and balance their feet in a squatting
position .
A. within the first 6 months; within the first year
B. within the first year; within the second year
C. after 18 months of age; after 24 months of age
D. after 1 year of age; after 2 years of age
18. Research shows that infants occasionally take a few large steps when walking. These large steps indicate
which of the following?
A. increased desire for independence
B. increased acceleration and speed
C. increased balance and strength
D. sign of future delay in motor development
19. Well-developed gross motor skills allow infants to become more independent. Independence is important
because it:
A. is a prerequisite for the development of fine motor skills.
B. allows more and different kinds of interactions with the environment.
C. fosters greater numbers of dendritic connections in muscle tissue.
D. allows infants to strengthen the bonds with their primary caregivers.
20. Infants start to be able to walk
A. as soon as they can make alternating leg movements.
B. before they can make alternating leg movements.
C. as soon as they can produce forward stepping movements.
D. only after they are able to balance on one leg long enough to swing the other leg forward and shift their
weight without falling.
21. Miri can walk quickly and run stiffly for a short distance. She loves to stand and kick her soccer ball. Miri
is likely between the ages of months.
A. 9 and 12
B. 13 and 18
C. 18 and 24
D. 36 and 48
22. To foster infants' motor development, which of the follow practices would be effective?
A. giving infants opportunities for exercise
B. stroking, massaging, or stretching the babies
C. frequently exercising the babies’ trunk and pelvic muscles
D. All of these answers are correct.
23. Infants are likely to reach motor milestones at different ages depending on the culture. This is probably
due to
A. the climate.
B. activity opportunities.
C. the genetic disposition.
D. nutrition.
24. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding gross motor activity during middle and late
childhood?
A. Only one child in a thousand can hit a tennis ball over the net at the age of 11.
B. Girls usually outperform boys in large-muscle activities until adolescence when the opposite is true.
C. Elementary-aged boys usually outperform girls in large-muscle activities.
DChildren at this age can master activities such as running, climbing, and skipping rope. However, once
. they master them, they don’t find them pleasant and enjoyable anymore.
, 25. Joey is the best batter on his little league team. Which of the following is a consequence of playing
organized sports that Joey may encounter?
A. unrealistic expectations for academic success
B. focusing more on academic work
C. unrealistic expectations for success as an athlete
D. limitations on developing peer relations and friendships
26. Playing organized sports can have which of the following negative effects on a child?
A. undue pressure and stress to achieve and win
B. overly developed muscle mass
C. decreased cognitive functioning
D. increased peer pressure for substance abuse
27. Peak physical performance usually occurs during
A. adolescence.
B. the 20s.
C. the 30s.
D. the 40s.
28. Which of the following athletes would MOST likely show peak performance during adolescence?
A. golfer
B. swimmer
C. sprinter
D. marathon runner
29. Brent's biological functions are beginning to decline. How old is he?
A. 65
B. 50
C. 45
D. 30
30. Tom wants to attend his son's little league game. His son is embarrassed by Tom's loud cheering, though,
and asks Tom not to come. What should Tom do?
A. go anyway and cheer
B. go but not cheer
C. go but hide so his son can't see him
D. respect his son's wishes and stay home
31. Gross motor skills include activities such as running, whereas fine motor skills include activities such as
A. jumping.
B. gymnastics.
C. cutting with scissors.
D. crab walking.
32. What skills involve movements such as buttoning a shirt or typing?
A. fine motor
B. gross motor
C. reflexes
D. perceptual-motor
33. Tammy is middle-aged and walks daily with her friends. Research shows that she can expect which of the
following in older adulthood?
A. a higher risk of obesity
B. arthritis in her knees and hips
C. the same level of motor ability loss as her non-walking counterparts
D. a lower level of motor ability loss
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