Civic Literacy Review Exam Questions and Answers.
Electoral College - Correct Answer The president is elected by a majority of electoral
votes. After an election a group of electors chosen by each state officially cast the
electoral votes for their state to choose the President.
Articles of Confederation - Correct Answer This document was adopted by the Second
Continental Congress in 1781 during the Revolutionary War to create a national
government. The new government was weak because states held most of the power,
and Congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control the coining of money. It
was later replaced with the U.S. Constitution.
Great Compromise - Correct Answer introduced by Roger Sherman; set up a bicameral
Congress - upper house
called Senate with each state getting 2 votes & a lower house called the House of
Representatives
with each state's representation based on its population--satisfied both the large and
small states
3/5 Compromise - Correct Answer compromise made when writing the Constitution to
sastify both free and slave states; said for every 5 slaves, 3 would count in a state's
population for both representation and tax purposes
Federalism - Correct Answer is the breaking of the gov't into Federal and state levels,
each having certain powers
Checks and Balances - Correct Answer system of each branch of gov't having a power
to check the power of the other to make sure no one branch becomes too powerful
Executive Branch - Correct Answer headed by the President and carries out the laws;
also includes the Vice President and the Cabinet members
Engel v. Vitale (1962) - Correct Answer separation between Church and State in
schools. S.C. prayer in public schools is unconstitutional, violates separation of church
and state and freedom of religion (First Amendment)
Miranda vs. Arizona, 1961 - Correct Answer This case proves that the 5th Amendment
requires that individuals arrested for a crime must be advised of their right to remain
silent and to have counsel present.
Mapp v. Ohio (1961) - Correct Answer Evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth
Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be
used in criminal prosecutions in state courts, as well as federal courts.
, In Re Gault (1967) - Correct Answer 14th amendment Due Process Clause allows
requirements for state delinquency proceedings. established the principle that young
persons have constitutional rights
Bill - Correct Answer a statute in draft before it becomes law
Chief Justice - Correct Answer the judge who presides over the supreme court
Commander-in-Chief - Correct Answer The role of the president as the supreme
commander of the armed forces of the United States.
Governor - Correct Answer highest ranking member of a state's executive branch
Reserved powers - Correct Answer powers reserved for the states; examples: creating
and maintaining an education system, creating local governments
Veto power - Correct Answer presidential power to stop a bill from becoming a law by
rejecting it
impeachment - Correct Answer a formal document charging a public official with
misconduct in office
presidential succession - Correct Answer the order in which officials fill the office of
president in case of a vacancy-1. Vice President, 2. Speaker of the House of
Representatives, 3. President of the Senate Pro Tempore, ...
U.S. Supreme Court - Correct Answer 9 justices nominated by President, confirmed by
Senate; highest court in the nation; hears only appeals; interprets Constitutional law
Intolerable Acts/Coercive Acts - Correct Answer A series of acts passed by the
government in response to the Boston Tea Party. They caused outrage, as the colonists
viewed the acts as a violation of their rights. This led to the creation of the First
Continental Congress and the Revolutionary War.
Boston Tea Party - Correct Answer demonstration (1773) by citizens of Boston who
raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into
the harbor; organized as a protest against taxes on tea.
Amendment 9 - Correct Answer People's rights are not limited to those in the
Constitution.
Amendment 10 - Correct Answer Amendment that states some powers reserved to the
states
Amendment 11 - Correct Answer Amendment that states cases in which a state was
sued without the consent from jurisdiction of federal government must be removed
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