development Answer: pattern of movement/change that begins at conception and continuous through the human life span
biological processes Answer: change in an individuals physical nature
cognitive processes Answer: change in the individuals thought process, intelligence...
PSYC 3310- Test 1 Exam Paper With
Solutions 2024/2025
development Answer: pattern of movement/change that begins at conception and continuous
through the human life span
biological processes Answer: change in an individuals physical nature
cognitive processes Answer: change in the individuals thought process, intelligence and language
socioemotional processes Answer: involve changes in the individuals relationships with other
people, change in emotion and change in personality
psychoanalytic theories Answer: development as primarily unconscious and heavily colored by
emotion
Erikson Theory Answer:
Piget's Theory Answer: children go through four stages of cognitive development
Vygotsky's Theory Answer: sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social
interaction guide development
Bandora's Social Cognitive Model Answer: behavior, person/cognition and environment all work
together
,ethology Answer: strongly influenced by biology, tied to evolution, characterized by
critical/sensational periods
AGE CATEGORY: Answer: infancy- birth to 18/24 months
early childhood- end of infancy to 5/6 yrs old
middle and late childhood- 6 to 11 yrs old
adolescence- starting at 10/12 yrs and ending at 18 to 21 yrs
emerging adulthood- 18 to 25 yrs old
case study Answer: in-depth look at a single individual
descriptive research Answer: aims to observe and record behavior
correlational research Answer: goal is to describe the strength of the relationship between two or
more events
Lab drawbacks = Answer: -need to know they're being studied
-unnatural lab setting causes people to behave diff.
-people willing to be studied might not represent a diverse cultural background
-people unfamiliar with university settings may be intimidated by the lab atmosphere
naturalistic observation Answer: observing behavior in the real-world setting
survey and interview Answer: quick way to get info by asking people
standardized testing Answer: uniform procedures for administration and scoring
, cross-sectional approach Answer: compares individuals of diff. ages
cohort effects Answer: time of birth, era, or generation but not actual age
correlation coefficient Answer: statistical analysis used to describe the degree of association
between two variables -- not a causation
experimental research (best way to conduct research) Answer: carefully regulated procedure in
which one or more factors believed to influence the behavior being studied are manipulated while other
factors are constant
experimental group vs. control group Answer: experimental group- group who's being manipulated
control group- nothing is changed in this group
dependent variable: Answer: changes in response to the independent factor changing
development of co-construction Answer: biological, cultural and individual
MFIP Answer: children's behavior problems decreased and children's achievement in school
improved
longitudinal approach Answer: same individuals are studied over a period of time, several years
children escape poverty Answer: economic support, social capital and education
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