CLEP PSYCHOLOGY EXAM NEWEST
ACTUAL EXAM 2025 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
ALREADY GRADED A+
In Watson's experiment with Albert, the unconditioned
response was
A) fear of the rat.
B) fear of John Watson.
C) a loud noise.
D) a white rat.
E) fear of the loud noise. Correct Answer The Correct
Answer is E. An unconditioned response is a behavior
that occurs automatically. People are reflexively afraid
of loud noises.
A concept primarily related to operant but not to classical
conditioning is
A) reinforcement.
B) shaping.
C) stimulus discrimination.
D) spontaneous recovery.
E) stimulus generalization. Correct Answer The Correct
Answer is B.Operant conditioning explains the role of
reinforcement in learning. Shaping a behavior
incrementally is a form of reinforcement. It does not
,have a comparable counterpart in classical
conditioning.
If, three hours after the event, a two-year-old child is
rewarded for "going potty," this delayed reward will
probably
A) extinguish all bowel behavior.
B) cause him not to mess his pants again.
C) cause him to expect a reward whenever he uses the
toilet.
D) make the child want to "go potty" more often.
E) have no effect on the child's behavior. Correct Answer
The Correct Answer is E.Delayed rewards or
punishments are ineffective reinforcers for animals or
young children; they cannot make the connection
between the event and the reinforcement because of
the time lapse.
A child is rewarded with candy after every 30 minutes that
she behaves appropriately.
This procedure is called
A) shaping.
B) continuous reinforcement.
C) a variable interval schedule of reinforcement.
D) a fixed interval schedule of reinforcement.
E) a fixed ratio schedule. Correct Answer The Correct
Answer is D.Fixed refers to an event that is predictable.
Interval refers to the passage of time. This child is
being rewarded on a fixed interval schedule.
Token economy programs involve principles of
,A) punishment.
B) operant conditioning.
C) classical conditioning.
D) biofeedback.
E) latent learning. Correct Answer The Correct Answer is
B. In a token economy, objects given as rewards can
be accumulated and exchanged for other reinforcers.
Reinforcement is central to operant conditioning.
Punishment is
A) more effective than the use of rewards.
B) inconsistent with operant principles.
C) most effective when used with rewards.
D) totally inappropriate with babies and animals.
E) not able to produce a significant change in behavior.
Correct Answer The Correct Answer is C.Although
punishment can decrease the frequency of behaviors,
it tends only to suppress the unwanted behavior.
Rewarding alternative positive behavior as well is
more effective than utilizing punishment alone.
Observational learning is often referred to as
A) modeling.
B) insight.
C) mimicry
D) alpha-conditioning.
E) higher-order conditioning. Correct Answer The Correct
Answer is A.Another term for observational learning is
modeling.
, Sarah remembers things better when she hears them than
when she reads them. Sarah's learning style favors _____
encoding.
A) semantic
B) acoustic
C) iconic
D) implicit
E) mnemonic Correct Answer The Correct Answer is
B.Acoustic means "sound."
Jennifer and Paneka both remember going to a party, but
they disagree on who was there. They differ in their
A) procedural memory.
B) working memory.
C) semantic memory.
D) episodic memory.
E) implicit memory. Correct Answer The Correct Answer is
D.Episodic memory is memory of personal
experiences.
Interference with memory is MOST LIKELY to occur when
you are
A) in a positive emotional state.
B) in a negative emotional state.
C) anxious.
D) learning information dissimilar to earlier learning.
E) learning material similar to earlier learning. Correct
Answer The Correct Answer is E.Interference theory
states that when people forget it is not because the
memories are actually lost, but because other
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