GCSE AQA EDEXCEL HISTORY SUMMARY NOTES GRADE 9 STUDENT TIMELINE
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GCSE AQA EDEXCEL REVISION NOTES ELIZABETH TIMELINE
Queen Elizabeth I/Queen Elizabeth the first
These Elite level study notes are perfect for any exam board (incl. Edexcel and AQA) and provided me with a GRADE 9 in my final GCSE EXAM. These Grade 9 notes contain ALL THE INFORMATION you need, with...
1558 BACKGROUND
- Elizabeth becomes Queen at 25
- People feared a female ruler would be weak + a
foreign prince might take control
- Sovereign of England
- Controlled parliament + set agenda
- Patronage - God appointed Elizabeth as Queen
which kept courtiers loyal
- Surrounded by Privy Council - group of loyal advisors
(19 to minimise conflict)
- England had been catholic for 1000 years until Henry
VIII
- Over 20 years religion had changed 3 times
- Elizabeth changed religion to protestant but let catholics
practice
- Act of Supremacy 1559
- Elizabeth recognised as supreme governor of
the church of england
- Act of Uniformity 1559
- Reinstated English common book of prayer
- Those who refused to go to church were fined a shilling
- Believed in the Great Chain of Order
WEALTHY IN ENGLAND
- Average income £6000 (1 million today)
- Protection from torture + if commited treason would be beheaded to avoid public
humiliation
- 14% of country’s income went to 1% of nobility
- Had land and social status
GENTRY
- Knights, lawyers + merchants
- Ran local governments
- Collected taxes + decided on punishments for crimes
NOBILITY
- Wealthiest landowners
- Leading advisors
- Ran the country as Lord Lieutenants
THE POOR
- In some towns 30% of people were classed as poor
- Population had increased by 1 million during Elizabeth’s reign
- Deserving poor were able bodied paupers who genuinely couldn't find work
- More demand meant prices rose but wages fell
- Decline in demand for woollen cloth exports so trade collapsed
- Bad harvests in 1590s
- Taxes for war
- Landlords enclosed their fields and kept sheep instead of growing crops, leading to
unemployment
- Almshouses provided accommodation for impotent poor
, WILLIAM CECIL
- Secretary of State
- Guided elizabeth for 40 years
- Most important minister
- Became lord treasurer 1572
ROBERT DUDLEY
- Earl of Leicester
- Rumoured to be lovers
- Known each other since childhood
- Appointed as master of the horse (responsible for Elizabeth’s protection)
- Put in charge of land forces during the threat of the Spanish Armada (1588)
SIR FRANCIS WALSINGHAM
- In charge of secret service
- Adviced on foreign affairs
- Uncovered the plot that led to execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1571)
- Puritan and believed catholics were a threat to society
MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS
- Married the french heir to the throne in 1558 + was briefly Queen of two countries
- Scotland started to become more Protestant and she had to run away after being
accused of killing her husband
- Mary was a threat to England and an inspiration to Catholic rebels
OPTION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Let Mary go to - French King said he - France was Catholic and
France would welcome her might help Mary take over
Send Mary back to - Build a good relationship - Could start a civil war +
Scotland - Distances her from would be costly to help her
England - Parliament did not trust
Mary
Let Mary live in - Could unite England and - Mary had given the
England Scotland Catholics hope
Keep Mary prisoner - Accused of killing her
husband
Execute Mary - Can’t become queen - Might give enemies ideas
MARRIAGE MARRIAGE
AND - Only English queen to never get married
SUCCESSION - Could lose independence to a foreign prince
- Giving birth was risky
- Englishman creates problems over authority
- Had many suitors
PHILLIP II
- Spanish King
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