Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 16: Cardiovascular Nursing
(60 Items) exam with Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct |2024 Grade A+
1. Which of the following arteries primarily feeds the anterior wall of the heart?
a. Circumflex artery
b. Internal mammary artery
c. Left anterior descending artery
d. Right coronary artery - CORRECT ANSWERS c. Left anterior descending artery
The left anterior descending artery is the primary source of blood for the anterior
wall of the heart. The circumflex artery supplies the lateral wall, the internal
mammary artery supplies the mammary, and the right coronary artery supplies the
inferior wall of the heart.
2. When do coronary arteries primarily receive blood flow?
a. During inspiration
b. During diastole
c. During expiration
d. During systole - CORRECT ANSWERS b. During diastole
Although the coronary arteries may receive a minute portion of blood during
systole, most of the blood flow to coronary arteries is supplied during diastole.
Breathing patterns are irrelevant to blood flow
3. Which of the following illnesses is the leading cause of death in the US?
a. Cancer
b. Coronary artery disease
c. Liver failure
d. Renal failure - CORRECT ANSWERS b. Coronary artery disease
Coronary artery disease accounts for over 50% of all deaths in the US. Cancer
accounts for approximately 20%. Liver failure and renal failure account for less than
10% of all deaths in the US.
,Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 16: Cardiovascular Nursing
(60 Items) exam with Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct |2024 Grade A+
4. Which of the following conditions most commonly results in CAD?
a. Atherosclerosis
b. DM
c. MI
d. Renal failure - CORRECT ANSWERS a. Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis, or plaque formation, is the leading cause of CAD. DM is a risk factor
for CAD but isn't the most common cause. Renal failure doesn't cause CAD, but the
two conditions are related. Myocardial infarction is commonly a result of CAD.
5. Atherosclerosis impedes coronary blood flow by which of the following
mechanisms?
a. Plaques obstruct the vein
b. Plaques obstruct the artery
c. Blood clots form outside the vessel wall
d. Hardened vessels dilate to allow the blood to flow through - CORRECT
ANSWERS b. Plaques obstruct the artery
Arteries, not veins, supply the coronary arteries with oxygen and other nutrients.
Atherosclerosis is a direct result of plaque formation in the artery. Hardened vessels
can't dilate properly and, therefore, constrict blood flow.
6. Which of the following risk factors for coronary artery disease cannot be
corrected?
a. Cigarette smoking
b. DM
c. Heredity
d. HPN - CORRECT ANSWERS c. Heredity
Because "heredity" refers to our genetic makeup, it can't be changed. Cigarette
smoking cessation is a lifestyle change that involves behavior modification.
, Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 16: Cardiovascular Nursing
(60 Items) exam with Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct |2024 Grade A+
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor that can be controlled with diet, exercise, and
medication. Altering one's diet, exercise, and medication can correct hypertension.
7. Exceeding which of the following serum cholesterol levels significantly increases
the risk of coronary artery disease?
a. 100 mg/dl
b. 150 mg/dl
c. 175 mg/dl
d. 200 mg/dl - CORRECT ANSWERS d. 200 mg/dl
Cholesterol levels above 200 mg/dl are considered excessive. They require dietary
restriction and perhaps medication. Exercise also helps reduce cholesterol levels.
The other levels listed are all below the nationally accepted levels for cholesterol
and carry a lesser risk for CAD.
8. Which of the following actions is the first priority care for a client exhibiting signs
and symptoms of coronary artery disease?
a. Decrease anxiety
b. Enhance myocardial oxygenation
c. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
d. Educate the client about his symptoms - CORRECT ANSWERS b. Enhance
myocardial oxygenation
Enhancing myocardial oxygenation is always the first priority when a client exhibits
signs and symptoms of cardiac compromise. Without adequate oxygen, the
myocardium suffers damage. Sublingual nitroglycerin is administered to treat acute
angina, but its administration isn't the first priority. Although educating the client
and decreasing anxiety are important in care delivery, nether are priorities when a
client is compromised.
9. Medical treatment of coronary artery disease includes which of the following
procedures?
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