HESI A2 BIOLOGY RESPIRATORY SYSTEM EXAM

D - What cells within the alveoli are capable of phagocytosis and can therefore engulf particulate matter that might reach the alveoli? A. alveolar plasma cells B. alveolar septal cells C. alveolar simple squamous cells D alveolar macrophages E alveolar NK cells D - The difference between the true and false vocal cords is that the false vocal cords: A articulate with the corniculate cartilages B are involved with the production of sound C are highly elastic D play no part in sound production B - Which of the following statements about the trachea is false? A Because of their shape, the tracheal cartilages enable the trachea to distort and expand when the person is swallowing food. B Stimulation by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system will decrease the diameter of the trachea, thus making it more difficult to breathe. C The tracheal cartilages reinforce the trachea and offer protection against overexpansion. D None of the above statements is false. D - The parietal pleura are attached to the: A inner thoracic body wall B mediastinum C superior surface of the diaphragm D all of the above C - During internal respiration, the exchange of the respiratory gases takes place between which of the following? A. the pulmonary capillaries and the interstitial fluid that surrounds the cells B. the pulmonary capillaries and the air within the alveoli C. the systemic capillaries and the interstitial fluid that surrounds the cells D. all of the above B - During quiet breathing, the diaphragm and external intercostals muscles contract. What effect does this have on the thoracic cavity? A decreases the volume and decreases the pressure of the thoracic cavity B increases the volume and decreases the pressure of the thoracic cavity C increases the pressure and decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity D increases the volume and increases the pressure of the thoracic cavity A - During expiration there is a(n): A increase in intrapulmonary pressure B decrease in intrapulmonary pressure C increase in atmospheric pressure D increase in the volume of the lungs